Great Bandana Gallery, Glasgow. 215 



placed below. It is finally carried off to the washing and bleach- 

 ing department, where the lustre of both the white and the red 

 is considerably brightened. 



By the above arrangement of presses, 1600 pieces, consisting 

 of 12 yards each zz 19,200 yards, are converted into Bandanas 

 in the space of ten hours, by the labour of four workmen. 



The patterns, or plates, which are put into the presses to 

 determine the white figures on the cloth, are made of lead, in 

 the following way. A trellis frame of cast-iron, one inch thick, 

 with turned-up edges, forming a trough rather larger than the 

 intended lead pattern, is used as the solid groundwork. Into 

 this trough, a lead plate about one half inch thick, is firmly put 

 by screw nails passing up from below. To the edges of this 

 lead plate, the borders of the piece of sheet-lead are soldered, 

 which covers the whole outer surface of the iron frame. Thus a 

 strong trough is formed, one inch deep. The upright border gives 

 at once great strength to the plate, and serves to confine the 

 liquor. A thin sheet of lead, is now laid on the thick lead-plate, 

 in the manner of a veneer on toilette-tables, and is soldered to it, 

 round the edges. Both sheets must be made very smooth be- 

 forehand, by hammering them on a smooth stone table, and then 

 finishing with a plane : the surface of the thin sheet (now at- 

 tached), is to be covered with drawing paper pasted on, and 

 upon this, the pattern is drawn. It is now ready for the cutter. 

 The first thing which he does, is to fix down with brass pins, all 

 the parts of the pattern, which are to be left solid. He now 

 proceeds with the little tools generally used by block cutters, 

 which are fitted to the different curvatures of the pattern, and he 

 cuts perpendicularly quite through the thin sheet. The pieces 

 thus detached are easily lifted out ; and thus, the channels are 

 formed, which design the white figures on the red cloth. At the 

 bottom of the channels, a sufficient number of small perforations 

 are made through the thicker sheet of lead, so that the discharg- 

 ing liquor may have free ingress and egress. Thus, one plate 

 is finished ; from which, an impression is to be taken by means 



