rfhuilding London Bridge. 277 



7. On removing shoals and sand-banks, caused by the altera- 



tion in the directions of the mid stream. 



8. On the erection of starlings round the piers of the different 



bridges, and especially round Vauxhall and Westminster 

 bridges, which do not stand upon piles. The bridges above 

 London bridge generally stand in shallow water, and the 

 foundations of them are very little below the bed of the 

 river, which may be undermined ; for a greater depth must 

 be effected artificially, in the first instance, for the naviga- 

 tion, and subsequently, by the increased velocity of the 

 stream, in a manner which cannot now be guessed at *. 



9. On the necessity of erecting another dam, or locks, to keep 



up the water, as a substitute for the dam taken down, the 

 necessity for which, the locks up the river, beginning at 

 Teddington, prove t. 



10. On the damage to shipping below the bridge, in times of 



frost, by ice now stopped, at such times, by London bridge. 



11. On compensations to persons possessed of wharfs, adapted 

 to the present state of the river above and below the bridge, 

 for damage to them by the alterations in the course of the 

 stream, and the shifting of the sand banks. 



12. On compensation to persons whose trades are dependant 



on the free thoroughfare over the bridge, living south and 

 north thereof, for seven years, during the erection, or while 

 it remains unfinished for want of funds to complete it. 



13. On compensation to persons navigating the river, for pro- 

 perty destroyed, and loss of life, during the erection of the 

 bridge, and while it may remain unfinished for want of 



• The head of water maintained by the lock at Teddington in winter is 

 one foot, in summer four (eet ; a similar head is maintained at Moulsey. 

 Dams are erected here to keep the water up the country ; but the dam of 

 London Bridge is to be taken down to let itout. 



t The bottom of the foundations of the piers of Westminster Bridge are 

 five feet below the bed of the river, allowing two feet three inches, as at 

 Blackfriars Bridge, for grating ; the bottom of the stone is only two feet 

 nine inches below the bed. The bottom of the foundations of the piers of 

 Blackfriars Bridge is three feet nine inches below the bed, the bottom of 

 the stone 18 inches. How much below the bed of the river are the founda- 

 tions of Vauxhall, Waterloo, and Soulhwark Bridges ? The bottom of the 

 stone piers of Waterloo Bridge are only 15 feet below the springing of the 

 archec. 



