180j.] Manufcripts in the Library of the late King of France. 117 



only, the Bifliop and the Inqulfitor. The 

 number of thole who were advifed with, 

 in order to have the opinions of the learned 

 mtn, w.'as very conilderahle, fifty-eight 

 being en'ered, btfiHes the Chapter of 

 Roinn and the Univerfity of Paris. 



Almoft all gave opinions unfavourable 

 to Joan, not upon the a<5ls of the procef« 

 thenifelves, but upon the twelve articles 

 cf accufation. 



On the 12th of April (ixteen do£lors 

 ar.d fix licentiates or batchtlors in divinity, 

 who were of the namber of alfeffars, hav- 

 ing met in the chapel of the Archbifhop 

 of Rouen, and deliberated with each other, 

 refolvrd, upon the twelve articles only, 

 that the apparitions and revelations de- 

 clared by Joan neither came from God 

 nor angels nor from faints, but that they 

 were lies, or the works of f. me evil fpirit : 

 that they were not accompanied by figns 

 fufHcienc to make them credited ; that 

 they were fiiled with tilings improbable, 

 that the accufed had believed in them too 

 hafti'y, and that they remarked in them 

 divinations, fuperftitions, ails fcandalous 

 and irreligious, foolifli and prefumptuous 

 difcourfes, blafphemy againit God and 

 the faints, things contrary to the precept 

 of love for ones neigiibour, a fpecics of 

 idolatry fchifmatic with relation to the 

 unity ard authority of the church, and 

 fufpicious of error in the Chriftian faith 

 when (lie declared believing in them as ap- 

 paritions : and, in fine, that it was blaf. 

 phemy to afcribe to God an order to wear 

 the drefs (he wore, an oider upon the 

 ftrength of which (he preferred not receiv- 

 ing the communion at Eifterto reaffuming 

 the habits of her fex. 



Many other perfons were confulted, as, 

 fome cf members of the faculty of law ; 

 abbes, and other religious perfons ; the 

 canons of th; Ciiurcii of Rouen and other 

 churches ; and two bifliops, who gave 

 their opinions feparately, but to the fame 

 purport. They are tranfcribed at length 

 in the MSS. ; but fome remarks upon 

 fuch ot them as were not i'o decilive as 

 the others may fuffice. 



I. Jean BalTct, licentiate in canon-law, 

 and offici.il of Rouen, after having faid 

 that the alleged revelations ought not to 

 be believed, becaufe they were not autho- 

 rized by any miracle, nor by any text of 

 the Holy Scriptures, adds, that the accuf- 

 ed was culpable if they did not proceed 

 from God, as he prefumes, as well in re- 

 fpeil to her drefs as her refufing to fubmit 

 herfelF to the churcii-militant ; but that 

 it would beofherwife if therevtlations did 

 really proceed from God. 



i. Eleven advocates of Rouen, fome of 

 whom were licentiates in the canon and 

 others in the civil-law, decided, tha' Joan 

 ought to be excommunicated on account 

 of her drefs, if (lie did not fubmit after 

 monition ; at lealt if fhe had no order 

 from God to a£l fo, which U is not to be 

 piefumed that fhe had, as the abfencc of 

 miracles, and teuimonics drawn from the 

 Holy Scriptures, do not permit it to be 

 believed ; and that (he had violated the 

 article of the faith of the fymbol, unam 

 fayiBam, in refufing to fubmit herfelf to 

 the Church ; at ieaft, they add, in cafe 

 thefe revelations did not pioceed from 

 God, which is not to be prefumed. 



Three ba'chelors in theology refiding at 

 Rouen, who, it would appear, had dilfcnt- 

 ed from the opinions of the twenty-two 

 members of that fr.cuhy affemblcd in the 

 archiepifcopal chapel, gave their joint opi- 

 nions, that if the reveiatijns of the accuf- 

 ed were lies, or the work of the devil, that 

 the greater part of the propofitims on 

 which they were confulted weie fufpicious 

 againft the faith and contrary to good 

 manners ; but that if they really came 

 from Gr.d, which did not appear to them 

 certain {quod tamen iiohis non conjlat), it 

 would not be proper for them to put an 

 evil interpretation upon them. 



4. Two abbes were of opinion, that the 

 whole procefs, and not the twelve articles 

 only, (houid be tranfmitted to the Univer- 

 fity of Paris to obtain its opinion on fo 

 difficult an affjir, and that in the mean 

 time the accul'd fliould be publicly adnio- 

 niihed to avoid the dangers to which (he 

 was expofed, and that if (lie then perfe- 

 vered in her error, that (he (hould be de- 

 clared fufpicious in fai'h, which is much 

 lefs than the judgment of herefy. 



5. Raoul Salvage, batchelor in theo- 

 logy, after a long dilculfion upon each of 

 the twelve articles, in which lie is againit 

 Joan, concl'jdes, that, wirh regard to the 

 frailty of her fcx, the twelve propofitions 

 (hould be repeated to her, of which he 

 feems to think that (he was informed, but 

 of which, in faif, (he had no knowkdge; 

 that (lie fnould be warned to correil and 

 not to prefuir.e upon revelations ; and that 

 the twelve articles (hould be hid beh re the 

 Pope with the qualifications which they 

 required. 



Such were the opinions lead unfavour- 

 able to Juan ; and even (he greaieif part 

 of thole who gave them did not peifevere 

 in them to the end. And as they were 

 in the number of alT-flors, it is probable 

 that they were influenced by the voies of 

 the two bifliops, the Chapter of the 

 Church 



