15'2 



New Patents latdy enrolled. 



[Sept. I, 



or rifle ofrplitting. If a fail Ihould fplit 

 in one part, it woulH be (topped by the 

 reef-bands. When the fail is hauled up 

 It will be alnio(t futlcd (o the yard, and 

 bent to the cri gles, en the rope of the 

 reef-b.md. The weight o^ the reefs is re- 

 moved from tiie yaid to tlie foot of tiie 

 fail, vvithoat incrcallDs the (train on the 

 yards. The f.'.'ls being reduced at the 

 loot, inftead of ihe head, will Hand longer 

 and better in a gale cf wind, as the iqua- 

 reft pnrt of the fail is lakcn otFwhen leef- 

 ed. Thel'e fails can be eafiiy hauled up 

 out of the fi'e of guni, &c. arid the ex- 

 pence cf them will be lefs ; th.uigh they 

 will lalt lonrjer, from not being li ible to 

 Iplit in hiulin? up or fetting. Half-worn 

 iails made in the ulual toimmay be alter- 

 ed, ar.d from the fiving in the wear and 

 tear will abundantly p^y (or the expence. 



The moi!e of working thefe fails is thus 

 explained by the inventor. 



When the courles are to be reefed, caft 

 oft' the lower clews from the thimbles in 

 the upper clews, haul up the flack-fa. 1 by 

 the buntlines, and haul tort the reef-line, 

 one part at a time, from the middle of the 

 lail, towards the clews, and inake it faft 

 round the upper clevis, fo as to confine the 

 lower clews. 



To let the fail, reeve a few turns of the 

 lafliing for the clews, and haul them down, 

 overhauling thereef-l;ne nnd buntlines. 



To retf thetop fails, lend a man i:p to 

 ench lower yard-arm, fettle the hallyaids, 

 and haul the fail down by th; reef-tackles, 

 and pais the turns of the eaiings through 

 the thimbles in the earing cringles and on 

 the foot-rope, and make them ialt. Hoill 

 the fail tort up, haul through the flack of 

 the bunthnes, and haul tort the reef-line 

 en each lide towards the clews, aid make 

 faif. 



The top-gallant-fails are reefed in the 

 fame manner by tarings at the lower part, 

 and a fmall galket rove as a reef-line j or 

 ■from the deck by the clewline* and a bunt- 

 line. 



The buntlines and reef-line will conBne 

 the flack-lail, v/heu lecfed, clcfe up in the 

 wake of the reef-band ; and the buntlines 

 will only require to be kept hard tort, as 

 is ufual, to prevent them from chafing the 

 fail. 



The Minotaur, of 74. guns, has reefed 

 thefe courfes in t^o minutes, in a gale of 

 wind, wi'hout fending a man off the deck. 



Obf£rz;ations of the Patentee. — Sails 

 made on this plan being adapted to fquare- 

 rigged velTels of every defcription, may, 

 in many lituations, be the means of faving 

 them from deftruttion, particularly in the 



winter feafon, when fo many fliips are un- 

 avo;dably expofed in gales of wind to the 

 dangers of ke-flioits and narrow feas. 



MR. ALEXANDtR EOND's (haTTON- 



rtARuEN), for Impro'vements in the 

 ConJlruLlion of Clocks and other Time- 

 Keepers, fo as to renaer Ihem of much 

 greater Utility both by Land and Sea. 

 Mr. Bond's invention conlills, gene- 

 rally, in the making the dial-plate on 

 which tne hours arc niarked, of fome tran- 

 foiirent or femitranfparent fubilance, (b 

 ilf.it the letters and figures, as well as the 

 hands that point to ihf hour and minutes, 

 being opaque, ard a light placed bcV'ind, 

 the hour may be known during ihe r.ighr, 

 or in a dark room. To accomplilh this 

 there are feveral methcds. In one de- 

 fcrihed in the fpecification before us, the 

 dial-plate of the clock is advanced i'o far 

 before the wheels or movement-part, by 

 means of long axlei, that there may be 

 room for placing a lamp or candle be- 

 tween the works and the dial plate, fo 

 that the light may go through without in- 

 terruption. In another the works or 

 movements are fo much fmaller than the 

 dial- plate, that the hours and minu:es, 

 and the hands that point to them, can be 

 fetn beyond the ca!e in which they are 

 contained. In a third the wheels are to 

 be placed either above or below, or at one 

 fide of the dial-plaie, fo that the light 

 may (hine through the handles. 



Thefe clocks, whatever be the natureof 

 the c-nihudfion, are intended to be cover- 

 ed with a cafe, to prevent the light from 

 fpreading over the apartmert, provided 

 the lamp or candle is behind the dial- 

 plnte. Time keepers of thi^ fort may be 

 lb conftrufted as to be placed or fixed in a 

 window-fliuiter, or in a dcor, or over a 

 door, or in any fituation to tell the hour in 

 a dark apartment. And it is evident that 

 the invention is applicable to clocks 

 of ftceples belonging to churches or 

 other pubiic buildings, as well as to 

 table and other houfe-clocks, whether 

 they go with a fpring or weights, or with, 

 a pendulum or balance wheel. 



The fubftances u(ed by Mr. B. for h?» 

 <jial-pl:ite» are glafs of all ftrts, enamel, 

 china, talc, horn, paper, I'llk, marble, 

 ivory, or any other fubllance that is either 

 tranfparcnt or femiiranTparent, fo as to let 

 futficient light pais through to fliew the 

 hour. 



Mr. Bond has a new method of making 

 enamelled dial-plates, by which the ap- 

 pearance is highly improved. Dial-plates 



