18050 



Csntrihutions to Englijh Synonymy* 



S25 



BaiJey is incorreft in deriving hillow 

 from bellen, to bark or roar. Were he 

 right, billows would fignify the nuifier 

 ^vaves. 



The waves are fo called from the An- 

 glo- baxon word luaeg, which is coiinefled 

 with tjjeagan, fo weigh. A balancing or 

 efcillatory motion is therefore tiie railical 

 or efTential idea ; and a wave may be de 

 fined a ridge of water in a ftaie of olcil- 

 lation. 

 The wave behind Impels the wave before. 



From the fiibftantive ' wave' comes a 

 a verb ' to wave ;' and from the verb ' to 

 wave" comes a frequentative veib 'to 

 waver." From ' to waver' is formed the 

 verba! fubilantive ' a waveri' g.' 



Undulation is idemica] m form with 

 vyavering. Fiom uiida, wave, comes thp 

 frequentative verb undulare, and hence 

 the Verbal fubilantive UiidiJatio. but as 

 in wave the (un;l.<mental idfi is olcilia- 

 tion, vihereas in unda the fu^idamtntai 

 idea is I'welling;, the inetuph^rica! ufe of 

 wavering and undulation is cilflFerc.t ; al- 

 though when applied to fenliblc obie£l$ 

 the meaning of theie words is not always 

 diftinguiflial)]e. 



' Th? waverings of hefitation.'' — ' The 

 ■undulations of pride.' 



We fay ' t're wavering of boughs,' be- 

 canfe they ofcillaie ; but not • the undu- 

 lation of bouglis,' bccaufe they d ) not up- 

 fw^ll. ' Unduns A^lina.'' — ' Undal ejuisJ' 

 — ' Undulatatoga.' 



' Uiiduliteii wMiftcoats are now in 

 fafhion." — ' Tl,p./Ugh undulating air the 

 founds are fcnt.' 



Fhicfuati^n is derived from JliiBus, of 

 which the etymon is- conneifed w\i\\ Jluere, 

 to flow, ZTidi jlumen, floLd. Thufe wnves 

 which f.ow faiier ihar) otheis are t\\<fluLius. 

 Movement, t.fTing, is (he prom.ntnt fea. 

 turedefciibed. 



' The fitiftua'ions of the tide.'^' The 

 flufluations of opmiun.*- — ' As the great- 

 elt part of my eftae has hitherto been of 

 an unHtady and volatile nature, rither tort 

 upi n (eas or fluctuating in funds, it is now 

 fixed and fct led in fubltantial acres and 

 tenements. 



Clergyman, Far/on, Miniflcr, Pr'ujl. 



There are tlvrce ranks of citrgyinen 

 below that of a dignitary, — p.rfii, vicai, 

 ard ciirHte. Pdrlon is the fii It , meaning 

 a ie<5lor, or he who receives tlie great 

 tythc» of a be lefice. By thp wyid parlijn 

 thi.n is implied one of a j articular clafs of 

 cleigy, whtrta. by the woid clergyman it 

 vniici flood any pciion onJajned to lerve at 



the altar. Parfons are always priefts j 

 many cleigymen are only deaccns. Every' 

 bifhop, dean, preheiid, &c. is a clergyman, 

 though not always, a parlbn. 



So far Dr. Tniller, and well j but he 

 omits to notice the rem-iining fynonyms. 

 A minifter is one who actually or habitu- 

 ally ferv^.s at the altar. The ciergyman 

 who delegates his functions is not a minif- 

 ter. The D.neiitin5cl::rgy are all minif- 

 ters; (o as oidination with them confers 

 no indelible chavafler, on cealing X'l <. ffici- 

 ate thty revert into laymen. A prieit is 

 one of th'i fee ind order in the hierarchy^ 

 above a dracon and below a Lifhop ; it is 

 a title bellowed by fpecific ordination, 

 which con'ers a privilege of confe'.ruintr 

 the f.icrament. Only priefts are cipabfc 

 oi beiig admitted to any parlbnage, vicar- 

 age, bentfice, or other ecclef);iliical pro- 

 motion. The word ptieil is derived f oin 

 crjey^oLTEpo;, an elder, a legate, and is ^^^. 

 plied to the (acerJotal officers of any re- 

 ligion. Minilfer me^ns f>.rvant, and 

 thtref'ire retains the i.lea of aftual cmployj 

 Parlbn is piobably from parocbianus, and 

 theref.ire implies one whole rights ex«i)d 

 over pirilh. Clergyman, hkc fiilitrnia:i 

 for fifhcr, is a foinewhat aukwaid fuhlti- 

 tute for the clerc ot our anceltors, which 

 meant a graduate, a n:an regularly edu- 

 cated. 



(^onti niation. Continuance, Continuity, Con- 

 tinuaiity. 



Continuaion, continuance, continuity, 

 co'.finuility, are all derived fiom con and 

 tenere, and have conlcquently for their 

 primary tcnlc or radical idea ' a holding 

 togetncr." 



Continuation is ufed of fpace, continu- 

 ance of time, continuity of liiblfince, and 

 c ntinua liy of motion. Thus we iay, 



' The continuation of a march.'— 

 * The continuance of a war.' — ' The con-- 

 tinuity of a rampait.' — ' The contiiiu- 

 ality cf exploii )ns.' — ' The Paddmgton 

 c nal is to have a continuation into the 

 Thim-s.' — ' During our continuance in 

 any office we are induftrioi;iIy to difchaigc 

 is duties.' — ' As in the natur.il b:)dy 3 

 wound or lolution of c inlinuiiy is worli; 

 tiian a corrupt humour, fo in 'he fpir'tml' 

 — ' The conuniiahty ot the nolle in the 

 (Ireet makes iijc wi{h to rem ivc into the 

 Tempi;;.' 



Are there adequate gramn^atical re.ifons 

 for this piadice .' 



Continuarioi) and continuance derive 

 froin the verb ' to ctrtinue.' The for- 

 mative ending ation began in atiio, ftgni- 

 fyipj ' tiyin^.' I'jie kiinative end iig 



tince 



