45(5 



Literary and Philofaphlcal Intelligence. 



[Dec. ^i 



have likewife, at the requeft of the faid 

 jiatriiichs, oidered the liofpitals in Gala- 

 ta, Pera, in the Seven Towers, and on the 

 outhile of Narlik'pi, to be re!t>red and 

 tepaireH. Bu' i>etore all ills nee. ffiry to 

 obtain able phyficans, who are properly 

 qualified to teach and pr«£^ife hi ilKle 

 hofpitals medicine and anatomy ; as the 

 phyficians who cone to my capital from 

 Chriftendom, however peifei^ly they may 

 have ftuditd m dicine at Halle, Padua, 

 Mnnrpelier, &c., very often commit great 

 jnilhkes an.i eriois, owi"g to the diffe- 

 rence of temperamenrsand climate. This 

 tniih is proved by experience j and the 

 wifelt authors and ablelt phyficians admit 

 ir, being all convirced, that, to excel in 

 this a:t, -one (hould ftudy and gather the 

 neceflnry experience in the place where it 

 is to be pr;i6lilied. It is iherefore evident 

 that our Sublime Porte fliould ferioufly 

 rniiep.voiir to irftitute fimilar univerfities : 

 It vvoulil thtreby facilitate the progrel's or 

 improvtmeni of medicine, pnd increafe the 

 number of Itarnea men in our dominions, 

 v.hsnce the Mufulmans, as vveil as foreign 

 nui I'S, might derive great advantage. — 

 Equally necelTary is it to maintain a cor- 

 relpondeii.e with ihe hofpiial.phyficians in 

 Ciiriltendcm, and to inveftig.ite and com- 

 pare the mutual experience, and thereby 

 extend the ftudy of medicine. In confi- 

 ticration, now, that thou, Prince Morufi, 

 poflenTell all the necrfTarv qualities, and 

 wilt rpare neither pains nor labour if I 

 commit to thee the inftituting and direft- 

 ing, of fuch univerfities to torm well-in- 

 ftruc^ed men, I therefore nominate thee 

 dire(5for ot all tiiele new inftitutions, and 

 order, that thou communicate to me, 

 wh3t you think, ul'eii;! and necelfHry, 

 as WL-ll with re(pe£^ to the i'chools of ma- 

 thematics "chicli thouli^ll alrea.ly ii>:'iltut- 

 ed at Cc.nliantin.pie, and whofe progrefs 

 his furpafied all expectation, as likewife 

 for the o;ocd of the hofpitals and fchools 

 which I have lelblved to found. I 

 order, likewife, that all th. fe of thy na- 

 tion whom thou (halt nominate to watcii 

 over good order in the faid eltablifhmfnts, 

 fliall oi es , wiriiout contradiction, thy com- 

 mands and dtciiions.'' 



Profelf.r JuNGius, of Berlin, under- 

 took, on ihc i6tli of September, an i-crial 

 voyage. H s bitloon was coiutruirled in 

 the (hape of a foheio.tl, of 10,714 Paris 

 cubic tect, and weighing, when loaded, 

 390 Paris lbs. ; viz., the balloon = 78 

 Ills ; the net rz: 39 l.)S. j the gondola 

 r= 40 l^)^ ; the le f = 1 5 I s. i liie ftn- 

 thcr, with the ropts, &ii., = »o lbs.; bal- 

 4 



Iaftr=6s lbs. ; inftruments.a cloak, &c.j 

 ■=:. 30 lbs. ; the aero'niut =: 106 lbs.—* 

 Immedia'ely after twelve o'clock he lofa 

 up into the air to a hcighi which had not 

 been reached before. He wa longed 

 vifibie from the Royal Obieiva.ory, 

 wheie the celebrated alfrooomers and 

 mathematicians B.de, Tralles, ai-.d Fii- 

 fcher, were making obliifvations with 

 the in'ruments there. The aeronaut feit 

 in the higher regiors a piercing cold ; and 

 difcovered, after hearing a noife, a rent 

 in the balloon about two feet long. He 

 f'jund the height of the baromerer betwixt 

 14 and 13 inches, and the therm meter 

 indicated 5°. He fell afleep, without re- 

 membering to have been affefled v/ith any 

 previous drowfinefs ; and he believes he 

 flept about half an hour. On waking he 

 perceived that the balloon was dclcend- 

 ing, and, with the afTjHance of a hunlf- 

 m*x\ and a peaDnt, he lafely reached the 

 grour.d about halt palt one o'clock ; (b 

 that the journey did not laft quite an hour 

 and a half. He calculates that the higlieli 

 elevation to which his ball.;on afcended 

 was 10,242 Pans teet above the horizon of 

 Berlin. As Berlin lies 123 Paris feet 

 above the level ot the fea, Mr. J., the firit 

 German aeronaut, reached a perpendicu- 

 lar height of 20,365 Paris feet, having 

 rifen 1045 Paris feet above Chimboraflb, 

 whofe height, according to C< ndamine, 

 is 19,320 Paris feet above the level of the 

 fea. 



Portuguese Literature. — Ofthe 

 books publifhed in Portugal during the 

 prefent and laft year, the following .ire 

 moft worthy of notice. — Grammatical 

 works : " Coinpendio de Grammatics 

 Portugueza, Lifbon, 1804, 8vo," " Dic- 

 cionaric, e Inlhuc^oes neceffarias para hr 

 traducir o Frances," which is diftinguifh- 

 ed by many uleful improvements. All 

 the French words which fo ntarly refemble 

 the coirelponding ones in the Portiiguele 

 that only a few letters require to be chang- 

 ed, have been arranged in a table, which 

 likewife renders the declinations and con- 

 jugations fuperfluous ; and the ar nexed 

 Grammar contains every thing that is ne- 

 ctflary for learning to read and tianflate a 

 French book. — L'la(li:al Literature was 

 enriched by a new edition of " Eutro- 

 pius," ex. rec H. Vi rhevk. — In the 

 Theological Department only a few Ca- 

 tectiifirs and books of deviation and edifi. 

 cation prelenr th mlelves to our notice 5 

 fuch as " Compcnho Chrirtio," Sivo ; 

 " Hiltoria de Creag.io de Mundo, par 

 DiAS DE SousA," 8yo., &c. — On Ju- 

 rillical 



