1806.] 



Literary and Phllofophical Intelligence, 



553 



M. ViLLiERS, the author of the " Ef- 

 fay on the Reformation of Luther," has 

 received, in confequence of that vahiab'e 

 work, the degree of do£lor from the Uni- 

 verfity of Gottingen. 



In the Elcaoral Library at Munich have 

 been difcovered the Four Gofpels, and a 

 Liturgy of the f leventh century, in fmall 

 folio, on fine white parchment, written ii. 

 a beautiful diftin6l chara6fei> and in the 

 higheft ftaie of prefervation. They are 

 very Iplendidly bound, and ornamented 

 with precious (tone* and pearls : the 

 ciafps are of gold, and they are lettered 

 on the back with ivory. 



M. EsMENARD, author of a poem in- 

 titltd Navigation, has received from the 

 Marquis Lucchefini, the Prufllan Mmirter 

 at Paris, the golden medal of the Berlin 

 Academy. 



At Berlin is eftablifhed a German Lu- 

 theran Academy for the inftruii\ion of the 

 natives of Sierra-Leona, the expences of 

 which are paid by remittances from En- 

 gland. The inftiiutiun is already attend- 

 ed by twelve pupils, moft of theiTi handi- 

 ciaftsmen. They are inlirufted in va- 

 rious depirtments of learning, befides the 

 arts of preaching and catechilmg. 



Dr. Rush, of Ameiica, is preparing a 

 complete edition of his Medical Works, 

 which will he comprized in three volumes 

 o6favo. 



Dr. Htttchinson, of Philadelphia, is 

 writing a Treafifc on Ulcers, particularly 

 tho!e of the lower extremities. 



Two Charts, illuifrative of the country 

 near the fouthern rtreams of the MilTiffip- 

 pi, are preparing by M. De Motsere, 

 who refides on a part ot the bnd which he 

 profeffes to delineate and defcribe. One 

 of them con ains the country lying be- 

 tween New Oi leans and the Bay of St. 

 John, exhibiting the fortifications, fu- 

 burbs, and oiher remarkable circum- 

 Oances. The other is a view of the city 

 of New Orleans and its environs. 



From a trial made by M. M. Pauli 

 and Leme«cier, at Paris, cii tlie aotli of 

 Oftober, they appear to have found cut 

 means to direct or ttter air-balloons. — 

 Before they afcended, they (liewed the ma- 

 chinery, by mears of which they moved 

 the wings attaclied to the balloon, and 

 the rudder reftmbltng the tail of a bird.— 

 On firft rifing from the ground, there was 

 a gentle eaft wind ; they were driven be- 

 fore it for fomc time ; but they foon be- 

 gan to work againft the wind, and to la- 

 vtrer, but very flowly. Afier a voyage of 

 five hours, tney defcended at Denouville, 

 near Chartres, with the agretable cgnvic- 



MonthlyMag. No, jj7. 



tion that they had facceeded in their at, 

 tempt. 



Mr. Francis Pacchiani, profeffor 

 of natural philolophy at Florence, has 

 difcovered the conilituent principles of 

 muriatic acid, which had hitheito efcaped 

 the refearches of every chemiit. It is an 

 oxyd of hydrogen, perhaps at its lowelt 

 degree of oxygenation. He forms it at 

 pleafure, and confequently the accuracy 

 of his Ifatement cannot be doubted. 



A diftingui(hed man of fcience at 

 Naplts has publifhed an Account of a viflt 

 he paid to Pompeii fiiice the late refearches 

 ordered by the Queen of Naples. — 

 The principal particulars of his (tatement 

 are as follow : — "In a fearch begun 

 about feven years ago was difcovered the 

 capital of a pibfter, which was fufpefled 

 to be the lateral front of a grand portico. 

 Laff winter the works were refumed at 

 that place, and the correfponling pilaftet 

 was found. The brafs hinges of the door 

 have been remaved to the Mufeum of Por- 

 tici. The habitation into which it leads 

 i» large and commodious, and rihly orna- 

 mented with paintings and raofaic-work. 

 The building is formed of fquare ttones, 

 fo nicely fiued and cemented, that the 

 whole would be taken for a fingle mafs.— 

 The paffjge which ferves for the entrance 

 is twelve palms long, and ten wide. It 

 leads to a court, the walls of which are co- 

 vered with ftucco of various colours.-— 

 The capitals and cornices are in good 

 prefervation ; a.nd I there obierved a rofe, 

 which is a mafter-piece both of defign and 

 execution. AM the apartments are deco- 

 rated v*ith beautiful paintings on a red, 

 blue, and yellow ground. You there fee 

 likewife detached columns, with flowers, 

 candelabras, and ornaments, in the beft 

 ftyle. To the left are two apartments, 

 which were probably thofe of the mafter 

 and miftrefs. The painter gave a free 

 fcope to his imagination in all the pic- 

 tures, which I belield with inexprelTible 

 delight. Nothing can be more pleating, 

 among others, than a dance of pcilon? in 

 mafks ; and nothing more graceful than 1 

 li tie bird pecking at a bafket of figs. In 

 the centre of the court is a ciftern, the im. 

 plwvium of t!ie Romans. On a marble 

 pedeftal is a young Hercules fcated on a 

 hind of bronze. Tlufe two pieces, one 

 of which Weighs about twenty poun(^Sj 

 and the other forty, arc- of the mod nnilh- 

 ed workmanfhip. The water fell from 

 the mouth of the hind into a beautiful 

 Cwuch of Grecian marble. Bi-hinJ tha 

 pediftal was a table, the yellijw teet of 

 which reprefcnt the ciaws \tl an «agle.— 

 4 A Ihefe 



