12 north american batrachia and reptilia. 



Artificial Synopsis of Genera. 



A. Anterior margin of tongue attached. 



a. Toes 4-4 Hemidactylium. 



I. Toes 4-5. 



X. Tail rounded and not finned, or witli costal folds 



not over 14 Plethodon. 



y. Tail compressed and finned above; costal folds 17; 

 pale-yellow, brown-lined Stereochilus. 



B. Tongue free on all sides. 



a. Toes 4-4 Manculus. 



h. Toes 4-5. 



X- Yellow or red above, spotted or lined with black 

 or brown; or with not more than 12 costal folds. 



Spelerpes. 

 y. Uniform purple-gray above; costal folds 14. 



Gyrinojphilus. 

 Genus Hemidactylium, Tscli. 



22. H. scutatum^ (Schl.) Tsch. Four-toed Salamander. 

 Costal furrows well marked; skin of back cut so as to resemble 

 scutse; body short; limbs slender; tail rounded at base, com- 

 pressed distally, one to two times length of body; color above 

 brown, with irregular scattered black spots on sides; below 

 whitish, with pitc-hy black spots; snout yellow; limbs and tail 

 orange-brown; L. two and five-tenths inches. Rhode Island and 

 Illinois to Gulf of Mexico. 



Genus Plethodon, Tsch. 



23. P. cinereus^ subsp. cinereus^ (Green) Cope. Palatine 

 series of teeth well separated medially, not extending beyond 

 inner nares externally; costal plicse 16-19; form slender; tail 

 cylindrical; limbs weak; inner toes rudimentary; above cinereous; 

 no red dorsal band; below paler, sometimes spotted with darker; 

 L. three and one-half inches. Eastern region. 



24. P. cinereus, subsp. erythronotus^ (Green) Cope. A red 

 dorsal stripe from head to tip of tail; in other respects like pre- 

 ceding. Eastern region. 



25. P. cinereus^ subsp. dorsalis, Bd. M S S. Louisville, 

 Kentucky; Salem, Massachusetts. 



26. P. glutinosus, (Green) Bd. Yiscid Salamander. Pal- 

 atine series well separated medially, extending outside of inner 

 nares; costal plicae 14; form stout; tail rounded; limbs short, 

 stout; inner digits distinct; black, usually with gray lateral 

 blotches and smaller dorsal spots; L. four and one-half inches. 

 Eastern and Austroriparian regions. 



