NORTH AMERICAN BATRACIIIA AND REPTILIA. 3l 



h. Nasal one. 



1. Two prefrontals; two postorbitals. 



X. Nasal not grooved below nostril; tail very long. 



13. Cyclophis. 

 y. Nasal grooved ; tail short 20. TropldocloniuTn. 



2. One prefrontal; three postorbitals 22. Ilelicops. 



1. Genus Carphoi'iiiops, Gerv. 



Prefrontals present or absent; nasal one; orbit formed 

 anteriorly by loral and postfroutal; postfrontal one; snpei'ciliaries 

 very small; vertical broad; dorsal scales smooth; anal divided, 

 head continuous with body; unicolor. 



a. One pair of frontal plates. 



10. C. helence^ Kenn. Snout shorter and narrow^er tlian in 

 the following species. Color above lustrous chestnut brown; 

 beneath flesh color, which extends to second row of lateral scales; 

 dorsal rows 13. Southern Illinois and Mississippi. 



h. Two pair of frontal plates. 



11. C ammnuii^ Say. Ground Snake. Color above chest- 

 nut brown; yellowish or salmon color beneath; dorsal rows 13; 

 G. 120-130. Massachusetts to Louisiana and Illinois. 



12. C. vermis^ \vGn\\. Worm Snake. Color above lustrous, 

 jturplish black; beneath flesh color, extending to third row of 

 lateral scales; dorsal rows 13. Larger than the preceding species. 

 Missouri, Kansas, and Southern Illinois. 



2. Genus Yirginia, B. and G. 



Nasals two, nostril in tlie anterior one; loral and postorbital 

 forming anterior border of orbit; postorbitals two; vertical broad; 

 dorsal scales smooth; anal divided; eye moderate; head distinct 

 from body. 



13. V. Valeria^ B. and G. Color above yellowish or gray- 

 ish brown, with minute black dots irregularly scattered or con- 

 stituting rows; beneath yellowish; subrhomboidal dorsal scales 

 in 15 rows; G. 120-130. Maryland to Illinois, and North Caro- 

 lina. 



14. F. elegans^ Kenn. Color above uniform light olive- 

 brown; beneath dull yellowish-white; dorsal scales very narrow 

 and elongated, in 17 rows. Southern Illinois and Arkansas. 



3. Genus Haldea, B. and G. 



Prefrontal one; nasals two; loral and postfrontal forming 

 anterior part of orbit; postorbital one; superciliaries large; verti- 



