Parasitic Fianji of nJiHoi!^. 221 



April in. 41 7H. April 28. 481^: Pulaski, May 1, 4403. May 6, 

 4o31. May i). 4578: Johnson. May 18, 4670: McLean, May 28. 

 474U, May 26. 4791: Champaign.' Jnne 8. 4<)08; La>Snlle. June 

 16, 5208: Adams, July 8. 5387. 



Sclnveinit/ (Syu. Car. 458) calls this .Kridiani nifens, and 

 afterwards ( Syn. X. A. Fungi) Ca'onta ( suh-genus ^Eridiitni) 

 Jiniiinafiiii). The last name has l)een most often used, hut 

 without ]»ro])er authority. 



This is the well knowu orange rust of the hlackherry. and 

 nH)re rarely of the hlack-ca]) raspl)erry. occurring for the most 

 part in May and June. It is un([uestioiiahly a first form or 

 undevelo})ed state of some teleutosporic species, and this has 

 heen thought to he a PJirat/midiHiii. Some recent observation, 

 however, tends to show that it Iielongs to Puccinia Prrkiana, 

 Howe, which is found on the same host-plants, and matures in 

 Septeml)er. 



^CIDIUM, Persoox. 



Sjiores one-celled, in chains or vei'tical rows, without pedi- 

 cels; sorus inclosed in a short, beaker-like pseudoperidium. 

 which protrudes through the ruptured epidermis of the host, and 

 opens regularly at the vertex, the border soon Ijecoming more 

 or less toothed or lobed. and usually recurved; with s])erma- 

 gonia. 



This wassu])posed tf) be a true genus of autonuitous species, 

 but it is now believed that all the supposed species belong to 

 Vroiiii/Cf'S and ]*ncrinia. and constitute what is known as their 

 first or lecidial stage in the alternations of development. Be- 

 fore, however, anything like exact knowledge as to genetic re- 

 lations can be ascertained, carefully uuide artificial cultures 

 must be made by competent investigators. Where there is 

 now good reason for accepting the demonstrations as satisfac- 

 torily made, the forms have been included in their ])roper 

 places with the teleutospores; otherwise they follow here under 

 the designation of species. 



M. ranunculacearum, D(!. 



Hypophyllous. Spots distinct, yellowish, mostly snuill; 

 a^cidia irregularly and densely clustered, short, erect, or at 



