1824.) 
The condensation of gases into liquids 
has in several instances been accom- 
plished, in the late experiments of M. 
Faraday, in glass tubes, under various 
Spirit of Philosophical Discovery. 
Specific 
153 
degrees of pressure, between two to fifty. 
atmospheres, and at temperatures vary- 
ing from 32° to 60° of Farnh. as follows: 
viz.— 
Refractive Powers. 
Equals water. 
Rather less than water. 
Ditto. 
Greater than water, and all others. 
Rather greater than water. 
Much less than water. 
Less than water. 
Sse pies, Gases. 
2 45° | Sulphurous Acid....... 
3.65} 45 | Cyanogen. ...........- 
4 60 Chlorine. .... Hbst 
6.5 50 Ammionias 8) 282082 3 
17 50 | Sulphurated Hydrogen. . 
36 32 Carbonic Acid. ........ 
40 50 .| Muriatic Acid. ........ 
50 45 Nitrous Oxide. ...... 
All of the above fluids proved limpid 
and colourless ; but another gas, enchlorin, 
has, as yet, produced only a deep yel- 
low fluid, probably owing to impurities 
in the gas, as happened in the early ex- 
periments on muriatic gas not sufficiently 
purified. 
Flame inextinguishable by Water.—The 
mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases, _ 
in the due proportion for forming water, 
when issuing from the compound blow- 
pipe and set on fire, has been found, by 
Mr. Skidamore, of New York, to be 
capable of immersion, gradually, under 
water, without extinguishing the flame, 
but which, on the contrary, continues 
its intensity in actual contact with the 
water, no ways altered, except assuming 
a rounder form than the flame of this 
compound gas in atmospheric air. 
Dimensions of the Earth.—The late 
Colonel Lambton, just before his death, 
happily completed his calculations of a 
trigonometrical survey in India, extend- 
ing from lat. 8° 9! 38” to 18° 3’ 23’, 
whence he inferred, from comparing in 
pairs, the Indian, English, French, and 
Swedish lengths of measured ares of 
their meridians, that the general average 
flattening of the terrestrial ellipsoid is 
1 in 310.31; the measure of a degree 
on the equatorial circle is 60,850.17 
English fathoms, according to the par- 
liamentary standard constructed by Bird, 
and the length of the guadrantal ellipti- 
cal arc is 5,467,756.0 fathoms, the ten - 
millionth part of which last, in English 
inches, gives 39.3677 for the métre of 
France at 62° of Farnh., which falls short 
of what has been improperly-called the 
definitive French métre, by .0032 inches, 
at the same temperature. 
M. Auzoux, a young physician of 
Paris, has invented a method of study- 
ing the anatomy of the human body su- 
erior to that by any imitation with wax. 
he flexibility of the wax renders it fit 
Monruty Mag. No, 400. 
Very much less than water, or others. 
to represent the surface of objects; but, 
the interior parts, which are most wanted 
for inspection, cannot be surveyed by it. 
Of course, waxen figures are better 
adapted to the museum than the am- 
phitheatre. M. Auzoux, with a compo- 
sition resembling pasteboard, can imi- 
tate the human frame, including all its 
organs, its internal and external parts, 
with exact fidelity. The upper parts 
are easily displayed, according to the 
rules adopted in dissection, and the in- 
terior are moveable with the like facility. 
The artificial structure may thus be 
decomposed into a thousand different 
pieces, and readily put together again, 
by means of numerical cyphers attached. 
The only objection to this process is, 
that the shades and colouring are not so 
well shewn as on wax, but this it is 
thought may, be surmounted. The most 
minute organs, the nerves, muscles, 
veins, all the vessels, are completely 
and correctly exhibited. In anatomi- 
cal pathology, the effects of any ma- 
lady will not only be visible on the 
surface, but the ravages made by it in 
the interior ofthe body and the alter-. 
ations thereby effected. With the aid 
of variable pieces, the accoucheur may 
contemplate the different stages of 
pregnancy, &c. Comparative anatomy, 
“ veterinary medicine, and many who are 
not professionally obliged, and from the 
fetid scent, cannot attend dissections, 
will derive no small advantage from this 
invention. 
At the salt pits about three miles 
from Sparta, a very extraordinary phe- 
nomenon has occurred on the river Calf 
Killer. A column of fire, about forty 
feet high, suddenly burst from the mid- 
die of the river, and illuminated all the 
objects in the vicinity to the distance of 
two hundred rods. It is thought that 
the labourers in digging for salt-water, 
the evening before, must have reached 
x a cavity 
