1824.] 
Englishman, if I did not? Our cause 
is the cause of our constitution, for I 
cannot, and never will admit, that: slavery 
can.ever\lawtully -exist under) our happy, 
glorious, and. blessed, constitution; | the 
word “‘slavery.”’, must not exist 5 we must 
however prepare the negroes for receiving 
so great a blessing; we must begin by ame- 
liorating their condition, there must be no 
time lost in doing it, not one moment, the 
next generation should not be born insla- 
very; especially if it’ be’ true that the pre- 
sent'generation, from not’ baving had moral: 
culture;)-are unfit for liberty. : 
This speech was received with un- 
botinded applause, and at the conclusion 
of it, the meeting was ddjourned. 
NATIVE LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC 
| , SOCIETY, AT -CALCUTTA. ; 
_A. Society. has..been established 
at Calcutta by. native Indians of 
distinction, for the cultivation of lite- 
Novelties of Foreign Literature, 
343 
terature and science among the Hin- 
doos. Works of acknowledged utility 
or general interest in the English and 
native languages, will be, freely disse- 
minated,; and. means,, will,.be adopt+ 
ed, to, ameliorate the, condition of 
the inferior castes, by shewing the 
evil, consequent» on \ thei miserable 
superstition. >The society will be 
provided with chemical ‘apparatus, ma- 
thematical’ instruments,’ and’ ‘all’ such 
mechanical implements ‘as’ shall be con- 
ducive to the improvement ‘of native 
artists. Public lectures, and, other 
modes of instruction, in various, depart- 
ments of art, will also form part of 
this new. institution.’ ..From, the inve- 
terate attachment to the customs of 
their ancestors, ‘manifested: by! the Hin- 
doos generally,a society founded by 
natives appears to be the only probable 
mode of improving their moral’ con- 
dition. 
NOVELTIES OF FOREIGN LITERATURE. 
RUSSIAN EXPEDITION fo the SOUTH POLE, 
during the yuars 1819-20-21. 
HE principal object of this expedition 
4 was that of making discoveries in 
the Antarctic Ocean, and to proceed as 
near as possible to the south pole, It was 
entrusted to the command of Capt. Bel- 
linghausen, who had accompanied Ad- 
miral Baron Krusenstern in, his circum- 
navigation of the globe, .The expedition 
consisted. of two.vessels, the Wostok and 
the, Mirni, which set sail on the 3d July 
1819; and arrived at Copenhagen at the 
end of ten days. From this port they set 
out’ on ‘the 20th. July,» and, reaching 
Portsmouth on the 29th, M. Simonoff 
went to: London to receive the instru- 
ments, which ‘the Minister of Marine 
hail ordered for’ the expedition. After 
a delay of fifteen days, the expedition 
quittéd’’ Portsmouth, ‘and arrived at 
Teneriffe. We must pass over the 
voyage till the arrival of the expedition 
in south latitudes: — 
On the 14th December 1819, which cor- 
responds to the 14th June of our climate, 
thé first show appeared, in the latitude of 
52%" On'the) 15th» June we’ arrived near 
Southern Georgia, and from that time we 
had» to struggle against innumerable dangers 
andmisfortunes of every kind.; The island 
of} jm is covered with ice and eternal 
snows :/Lhe north-east side of the: island 
having, heer visited and. described by the 
immortal Cook, we’. surveyed) the» south: 
west:coast, which -had never before, been 
explored, 6). ; 
On the 17th December we passed Clerk’s 
Rocks, and cn the 22d we discovered an 
island, to which Captain Bellinghausen gave 
the name of the Island of the Marquis de 
Traverse,*)(in honour’ of the minister of the 
Russian marine). This island, of which we 
made a survey, has a voleanie peak, from 
which columns of smoke are continually 
discharged. 
On the 29th we arrived near the islands 
which Captain Cook called Sundwich Land.+ 
This great navigator had, from a distance, 
considered the Capes Sawnders, Bristol, 
and Montague as belonging to a great con- 
tinent; but we have carefully surveyed 
them, and found that what was taken for 
terra firma, was only a mass of small ser- 
rated islands, more dreary, and even more 
barren, \than the island of Georgia. On the 
last island, however, we observed here and 
there a green moss ;,but,,in,the islands of 
the Marquis de Traverse and, of Sandwich, 
even this stunted vegetation. is no. longer 
seen. The sea) which washes these shores 
is .covered with, huge masses,.of ice; and 
whales, penguins, and.other, sea-birds are 
the _only.,,imhabitants , of, these _ desolate 
regions. 
The 
* Jn south, latitude 56°; and longitude 
31° 30! west of Greenwich. 
+The winter in ‘Sandwich> Land is con- 
sidered asi more frightful than even'in the 
coldest regions of the north An interesting’ 
account-of sit will be’ found in Hspinosa’s 
Memoria. sobre las Observaciones: Astronomi- 
cashechas por los Navegantes. “Espanoles, 
Madrid, 1809. : 
