372 
Arragon, and Navarre. Every day is 
said ‘to add to the detection of accom- 
plices of the Ex-minister Cruz ; and 
royalists, ultra, as well as moderate, 
are charged with being of the number. 
A, private letter describing the utter 
anarchy in which the government has 
fallen, says, “ we have been for months 
without a minister for foreign affairs : 
we have a minister of marine without a 
navy; of war without an army ; and, 
to crown all, a finance minister without 
a sous.’ How such agovernment goes 
on from day to day is a complete riddle : 
but it requires little political foresight 
to predict how it will end. Cordova 
and other cities of the first order have 
sent deputies to Madrid soliciting French 
garrisons for the preservation of the 
the public tranquillity ; a shocking attes- 
tation that the condition of the country 
is so deplorably desperate, that nothing 
but the diffusion of the entire French 
army over the whole surface of the 
kingdom, can secure its partial,, transi- 
tory, and unhealthful repose. In order 
to meet the emergency of the various 
dangers and difficulties it has partly 
created, the cabinet of Madrid is said 
to have proceeded to the hazardous mea- 
sure of levying and equipping 200,000 
volunteers ; thus preparing the materials 
for another re-action ; in the meanwhile 
all the constitutional volunteers are 
compelled to deliver up their arms ; 
and the police is instructed to extend 
its domiciliary visits to the houses of 
all persons suspected of retaining means 
of defence. Keen discussions have 
been latterly carried on in. Madrid, in 
consequence of an attempt by the new 
finance minister Zea to negociate a new 
loan without acknowleging that of the 
Cortes, and which, as naturally might 
be expected, proved abortive. Zea was 
formerly a clerk in a merchant’s house 
at Malaga, of which he is a native ; he 
subsequently went into business on his 
own account ; became a bankrupt about 
ten years ago, then exhibited himself 
as a decided liberal, and is now by the 
grace of the Emperor of Alexander’s 
patronage as decided an ultra: It is 
generally believed that some serious 
disturbances have recently broken out 
in the capital ; meanwhile the cabinet 
threatens foreign conquest, and has 
attempted. to make it believed that.a 
Spanish expedition of 2,000 men is on 
the point. of sailing te Mexico.. On 
this report. the state of the Spanish 
finances is the best commentary. A 
proclamation has been extensively cir- 
Political Affairs tn October. 
[Nov. I, 
culated by the Constitutionalists in 
Spain calling on the Spaniards to 
“ awake.” It is eloquent, and contains 
much truth; but we fear that it will 
not have the smallest effect. Where 
men have shewn themselves incapable 
of honourable and manly acts, words 
are of little use either to stimulate, to 
convert, or convince. The sleep of 
degradation is not easily broken. 
GERMANY, THE NETHERLANDS, RUSSIA, 
&e. 
A convention for facilitating com- 
merce has been concluded . between 
Baden and Hesse Darmstadt. Prussia 
has been taking precautions with respect 
to the communications with Moldavia 
and Wallachia, on account of the 
plague which still rages in those pro- 
vinces: and ordering reductions in the 
budget which will amount to four mil- 
lions of Prussian crowns. The Prussian 
budget being fifty millions a year, this 
diminution of four millions is very eon- 
siderable. The cities of Cologne, Min- 
den, Erfurt, Stralsund, and Dantzic, 
will no longer be the seats of provisional 
governments. . The Minister of War, 
De Plack, leaves office; and the five 
sections of the War Office will be re- 
duced, in future, to two, which will be 
directed by the king’s adjutant, Witzle- 
ben. In_all the branches of adminis- 
tration there are to be numerous reduc- 
tions. . As to the army, the reductions 
will be confined to the Staff, the En- 
gineers, and the quotas of the Lands 
wehr. The ministry of commerce. will 
be united to that of the interior. This 
great measure must have a powerful in- 
fluence on the approaching assemblies 
of the provincial states... The treaty of 
commerce between France and the Ne- 
therlands has every prospect of a speedy 
and favourable termination. Steam- 
boat companies are establishing on all 
the navigable canals of the interior. 
A new Dutch East-India Company, con- 
sisting of five directors..and twenty 
commissioners to hold their sittings at 
the Hague, and the shares of which are to 
amount to two hundred millions, is about 
to be formed, and has already received 
the sanction of the king. The Company, 
besides labouring among other things, 
to put the Dutch Trade with China on 
the old footing, will employ itself in im- 
proving naval artichecture, the marine, 
navigation, &c. &c. It appears froma 
report lately made to the King of. Swe- 
den, that public works, of . immense 
magnitude and expense, are constantly 
proceeding in Sweden, in. regard. to 
public 
2 
