Seeley's Voice from India. 
Carriage, and which is intended for his Ma- 
jesty(the King bf. Portugal. i 
o (Previous to 1817; the number of works 
_ printed ino Russia did) not exceed 4,000—— 
about ithe same number as is annually con- 
tained !in the-catalogues of the fair at Leip- 
si¢.o This number! is now augmented to 
about 8,000.. Thereappear, at present, fifteen 
periodical “papers in.) the four provinces of 
the’ Baltic; only three of these papers are 
“inothe latigaage of the primitive inhabitants 
ofthese countries; they have principally 
) forctheir object’ the advancement of civili- 
zation. The editors of two popular Livo- 
nian journals ‘are: two. clergyman - of this 
_ country of the names of Masing and Watson. 
‘A/foyalproclamation has just been issued 
im Hanover, distinctly repealing the pro- 
vision Of the German confederation of 1815, 
in the: following terms: “The several 
professors sof the’ Christian faith enjoy a 
perfect equality of civil and political rights 
inthe :kingdom.”’ . In conformity with the 
said article, the motion of a predominant 
and) ef a merely tolerated church is en- 
tirely abolished. 
British Mining Associalion.—A project has 
been started inthe city under the abovename 
for the purpose of working the mines of 
Cornwall. The capital said to be Sra 
isonly £400,000. ; 
An oak tree, about 300-years old, is now 
growing onthe Rey. Thomas Wekl’s:manor 
at/Wool. , Its trunk is hollow, about 30 
feet in height, and through this cavity a fine 
bireh’ tree has sprung up, the branches of 
which)appear above the top of the oak. 
One of the most remarkable moral phe- 
*nemena, in the history of society, is un- 
607 
doubtedly the rapid extension of education 
and knowledge; in this country; among the 
people; at the-present days) ‘The vast' in- 
crease not ‘merely of publications-of various 
kinds sent forth:from the press, and  espe- 
cially of periodical publications and news 
papers~incalculably exceeding the imerease 
of population, within a/few years, proves’ 
that the habit, as well as the faculty: of 
reading has gained upon what’ may '-be 
called the multitude. A new impulse has 
recently been given to the popular intellect, 
by the establishment: of schools of Science 
and the useful Arts. It is unnecessary to 
point out to any person who has at all at- 
tended to what is going on in the world, 
the rapid progress of these institutions, and 
the progress especially of scientific educa- 
tion among the working artizansin the 
large towns of England and Scotland: But 
the working people are not' merely acquir- 
ing knowledge— they are communicating it, 
and to those in a condition above! them, 
The cheap publications, conveying know= 
ledge of science and the useful’ arts, pub- 
lished in London; not only have’ the merit 
of ingenuity, and of useful and ‘curious in- 
formation, but are distinguished: by a grace 
of style and a-propriety of tone which 
shames and rebukes works and authors of 
much higher pretension. In’ fact, the 
common people are rapidly usurping’ that 
knowledge which used to be the preroga- 
tive of those of higher station. We find 
the working artisans’ appropriating. the 
theory and practice of arithmetic, geometry, 
mechanics, physics and chemistry—and 
what remains after this but poetry, specula- 
tion, and the mere luxuries of literature. 
REVIEW OF NEW WORKS—Continued. 
A Voice from Inpia, §c. 
SEELy. 
if our Review of the general argu- 
ment of this rather important, and 
highly interesting little work (Vol. 58, 
No, 404, p. 535-6), we intimated, that, 
independently of the political object of 
the author, some information of more 
general interest, might be gleaned from 
S pages. Of this description, we con- 
sider every thing that is connected with 
the population of British India, the 
classes;;or castes into which that 
population is divided, the comparative 
numbers of European residents and 
native inhabitants, and the description 
of moral and. political character, likely 
té'be formed and nurtured by tempo- 
rary residence there. We extract, there- 
fore, whatever appears most calculated 
ue light upon this range of in- 
And, first of the composite po- 
ea ah. Arata India, 
232 
By Capt. 
\ 
VOL ITT 
—< 
“The Indian community may be divided 
into three classes ; the first, and of course 
the largest part, is the natives, Hindoos and 
Mussulmans—the former being about fif- 
teen to one of the latter. Among the 
native population is a sprinkling of 
Jews, Arabs, Armenians, and Parsees, 
with afew Chinese. The second class is 
composed of the officers, civil and military, 
of his Majesty and the East India Com- 
pany’s service, and gentlemen of the legal 
profession. The third class consists of the 
European community, all of whom are, or 
ought to be, licensed according to Act of 
Parliament. |. These. consist of free mer- 
chants and free mariners, and persons who 
are smuggled. out. by being borne on the 
ship’s books as seamen, &c., and allowed 
to depart on the ship’s arrival. Probably 
the most numerous: paxt of the, third class 
are the last-mentioned persons, who have 
deserted from the East India shipping.\. » 
* They go out to India under certain re- 
strictions, and, while there, must conform 
tothe orders and regulations of the dsr 
R ment, 
