12 
parallel with the incisors. Incisors deciduous from upper jaw; per- 
sistent in lower. Placenta and stomach diversiform. (Pecora unguli- 
grada.) 
1. Placenta polycotyledonary. Stomach quadripartite, a well-developed 
psalterium being differentiated. Incisorial series of lower jaw unin- 
terrupted at the symphysis. (Pecora unguligrada typica.) 
a. Neck very long and slender, the cervical vertebrae (3-7) being 
much elongated: the dorso-lumbar vertebrae comparatively ab- 
breviated and declining backwards, the hinder limbs being shorter 
than, or as short as, the anterior. Horns developed as epiphyses 
of the frontals, and covered with an extension of the skin. (Giraf- 
Joidea.) 
One family. GIRAFFIDAE, (XXIX,) 
b. Neck comparatively more or less short, the cervical vertebrae 
(8—7) being normally developed: the dorso-lumbar vertebrae 
longer, and highest backwards, the hinder limbs being considerably 
longer than the anterior. Horns diversiform. (Looidea.) 
i. Skull with the auditory bulla produced downwards, especially 
towards the inside, and applied behind to the paroccipital pro- 
cess. Styloid process deflected more or less forwards and en- 
closed in an oblique fold on the outer surface of the auditory 
bulla. Palatine axis declivous from the occipito-sphenoid axis. | 
(Booidea typica.) 
a. Horns persistent, (common to both sexes,) and developed as 
sheaths of true “horn’’ on osseous cores originating from the 
frontal bones. Styloid process partially enclosed in a more or 
less open canal. 
a. 1. Olfactory organ extremely expanded and inflated above: 
nasal bones much abbreviated, arched upwards, and entirely 
separated from the supra-maxillaries as well as lachrymals, 
the frontals projecting between the latter and the nasals. 
Supra-maxillaries and inter-maxillaries reduced and atten- 
uated forwards. Posterior nasal cavity with walls inflated 
outwards. 
SAIGIIDAE. (XXX.) 
a. 2. Olfactory organ normally developed: nasal bones elonga- 
ted, straight or declining forwards, and connected by suture 
with the lachrymals, supra-maxillaries and sometimes with 
the inter-maxillaries. Supra-maxillaries and inter-maxil- 
laries well-developed forwards. 
BOVIDAE. (XXXI.) 
b. Horns deciduous, peculiar to the rutting season, (in both 
sexes,) developed as pseudocorneous sheaths with agglutinated 
hairs on osseous cores originating from the frontal bones. Sty- 
