182 Derivation of the Words Celta, Cumbri, or Cymbri, &c. [March 1, q 
and their old names. The covering of a 
man. is fastened with buttons, and these 
are often numerous, and so contrived as 
at once to be of use and an ornament. 
But we call not man a button, because 
his taylor has bedecked him with buttons; 
nor should we call a hill a crocus, be- 
cause nature has adorned it with cfo- 
cusses, 
Cor is a name used in the composition 
for even the highest hills and heads of the 
world. This word is derived the same 
ts Cau, in which the wu is generally 
changed to / or r, when a syllable fol- 
Jows: and hence Cau, Cal, Col, and Cor, 
imply the same. But each of these is 
derived from the root A, an hill, pro- 
nounced Au, which, to form a proper 
name for an head or hill, takes a casa 
prefix. Prefixes were either given to 
form ‘proper names only, or to convey 
‘some additional meanings to their roots, 
At present they are not fully understood, 
but I will hereafter explain these as far 
‘as Lam able. The word Jc is‘ rvot for 
Jand or territory ; and the Hill Territory is 
the import of Corycus. 
I have proved: that the lands of Spain 
gave name to ‘its inhabitants the-Celts, 
‘and not the inhabitdnts to the lands, as 
‘all authors, both ancient and médern, 
‘from not understanding the imports of 
names they have written upon, have sup- 
posed, I shall therefore have little trou- 
ble to prove the same of Gaul. I have 
_nlready.shewn that Gal, in Galicia, and 
Cel, or Kel, in Celtica, were the same. 
That the syllable Ic, in Galicia, takes a ¢ 
in Celtica, which are names for the same 
tract in Spain, in the same manner as 
En or. An land, takes a ¢ in tan, which 
is also land. The syllable Gul taken 
singly became Gaul; but the word Cel, 
taking the letter ¢ from thie second sylla- 
‘ble in Ceitica, became Celt, The Celts 
_and Gauls were therefore the same men. 
“The end of the known world was not only 
Spain, nor did this kingdom contain all 
‘ats head-lands. Gallia contained also 
much head-land : and its derivation from 
Cal, or Gal, a head, is as reasonably in- 
‘ferred from its figure, running on the 
north-west ‘and ‘on’ the’.north towards 
‘the sea in one continued head, as the 
land of Spain. Ny ee 
I have said that the coast-of France 
was considered as an end or head of the 
‘continent; but same of this coast was 
low, and some added by time at the 
mouths of its rivers in the Netherlands. 
The word Ca/, or Kel, applied to heads 
‘in general; but Bel implies bordet or 
mouth, The Belyz lay on the border of 
the Rhine; and in time the general name 
reached the coast. The border on the 
Netherlands was low, and they trans- 
latedit Low Lands. On the coast of Hol- 
land the land lay underneath banks, and 
they translated this Hollow Land, The 
word Bel, signifying a border, might im~ 
ply a high or a low one from its root; and 
hence these translations. The Belge 
were therefore named from their situa- 
tions, as well as the Cella. 
Gallia then came from Gal, a head, 
and Ia, land or territory, and meant 
the Head Territory, The Celte, Celtici, 
Galli, Cumari, or Cumbri, were the 
dwellers within the dominions to which 
the heads, or head-lands, gave name. 
Let us put Gual, for Gaul, and we shall 
have Guallia, or Wallia, which will also 
mean the head-territory, and Wales will 
mean The Heads. Wehave, Mr, Editor, 
all our districts, ancient and modern, 
known to be named according to the ime 
ports of their principal features; two only 
excepted, Wales and Scotland, But are 
there any sufficient reasons for excepting 
these? t halicws no good ones, Wales 
is very appropriately named. 
But following these principles, I hear 
some readers exclaim “ that we shall not 
be enabled to trace the inhabitants of 
Europe to their present lands.” To 
which I answer, that where we cannot 
rationally, we shall be unwise to attempt 
it; the best way of tracing a people is 
from its history, and a comparison of its 
language with the languages of other na- 
tions, The descent on this island of in- 
habitants from the “ Land of Pits and 
Pools,” seems like a cradle story. We 
have, however, every where to encounter 
such stories, Livy, the father of Roman 
‘History, derived the Apennines from 
‘Hannibal Penninus; Tacitus, Cesar; and 
other Roman historians, give proofs of 
the same knowledge in the imports of 
names; all these give you details of a 
variety of strange things. Plutarch has 
a chapter on the names of rivers, moune 
tains, &c. he derives the names of his 
rivers from heroes which were drowned 
in them; he then relates a story of a mar- 
vellous stone found in each stream: and — 
next gives you the names their principal 
mountains derived from the most fanciful 
stories. _We read his accounts as we do 
old romances, not to: seek information, 
but to admire the invention of the author, 
If we go further Lack into antiquity, we 
are still disappointed; if we return to 
‘later times, we find tales of which I ama 
ashamed. | j PPP 
When old errors are attacked, people 
? whe 
| 
