152 
be worked, a connection being made be- 
tween the said axis and the pump, by 
any of the well-known «methods. The 
rotatory motion is produced by apiece of 
mechanism cailed the fly, and which is 
drawn through the water by the motion 
of the ship, and is. made to move round 
by the re-action of that fivid, or other- 
wise; in case the ship beat anchor ina 
current or streain, the direct action of 
the water produces the same effect. . The 
fly is made of wood, or other suitable ma= 
terial, and may be constructed after the 
manner of the sails of the windmill or 
smoke-jack, or of any other form that 
shall present oblique surfaces to the relae 
tive action of the fluid, so as to cause it 
to revolve upon the principle of those 
machines: the said fly is connected: with 
the aftermost end of the horizontal axis, 
by, means of a spar, or chain of metallic 
rods, or arope; and flexibility is given” 
to those parts of the gear wherever it may 
be necessary, by .means of universal 
joints, &c. The patentee adds, that his 
apparatus may be used to work the 
pumps of ships, and other vessels, by ex- 
posing the fly of proper dimensions to 
the action of the wind instead of water. 
* Saat i 
MR. BRYAN DONKIN’s, (BERMONDSEY,) 
jfor.a Pen of new Construction. 
This invention applies to. metallic pens; 
which are considered by the patentee as 
a great improyement on, those nade from 
quills; inasmuch as they will last long 
without mending, and as the writing pro- 
duced from them will be mofe uniformly 
the same than that produced by pens that 
require frequent repairing. The pens oa 
this construction are not cylindrical, but 
the sides are flat or nearly so, inorder 
that they may easily and pleasantly spring 
back from pressure when used, and rea-! 
diiy return to their first. situation; what- 
ever may be the description of the cha- 
racters of the writing therewith to be per- 
formed. - ‘The said: sidescare made: iff 
separate pieces, and then fixed in a tube 
or pipe, in an angular position, so as to 
constitute a pen, They may, however,' 
be made in one piece ;.and, for the pur- 
pose of obtaining a variable degree of 
elasticity to the pen, two pieces of wire! 
are introduced into the cavity formed 
hetween the flat sides of the pen and the! 
outer tube, which give less or more elasti- 
city, or make a softer or harder pen as 
they are drawn backward or forward 
upon the sides: and those parts of the 
flat sides opposed to each other, and! 
forming the slit of the pen, rather thicker 
2 
Patents lately Enrolled. 
towards the points, in order to prevent 
the pen from sputtering. 
4 a bi ae 
MR. DAVID MATTHEW'S, (ROTHERHITHE,) 
Jor an improved Method of Building 
Locks, and for Opening and Shutting 
the saine. : 
The objects of this invention are as 
follow: to render the construction of 
Jocks and lock-gates less expensive thaty 
they have been heretofore; to diminish 
the pressure of the water upon the gates; 
to render the locks. less liable to be blown 
up, and.to work the gates with less labour 
than has been necessary heretofore. 
The form of each of the lock-gates, in- 
stead of being, as usual, square or ob- 
long, will be such that the depths of the 
gates will increase from the banging-post 
to the meeting-post, making the lower 
edge a straight line, or curved line, de. 
scending from the lower end of the hang- 
ing-post to the lower end of the meeting- 
post: by this means the construction of 
the gates is less expensive, from their not 
requiring to be equally strong, and not 
taking so muchtimber; alsothe pressure 
of the gates is much diminished, on ac- 
count of the surface exposed to the fluid 
being less, and by that means ‘the’ pres- 
sure against the side walls is also less 
than in ‘the case of the comnion lock. 
gates. The gates will shut against a sill 
in the form of the lower edge of the gates, 
which sill will project a little way’ beyond 
the termination of the body of the locls, 
so as to receive with the hollow quoins 
the whole pressure of the gates. The 
body of the Jock will terminate on each 
side in a plane parallel, or nearly so; to the 
gates on that side when shut, at a conve- 
nient distance from the gate. The lower 
edges of the gates, instead of running on 
a platform, will move a little above a sur- 
face,of brick or stofe; which in form has 
the figure which is swept out by the lower 
edges of the gates in opening, but i8 
placed a little below theig. If the lowet 
edge of the gate be in @ straight line, it 
will be a regular conical surface; if a 
curved line it will be a curved’ conical 
surface; by thisameans the body of thé 
lock and the sill form an arch, terminating 
in a groin arch, the strength ‘of which is 
opposed to any effort of the water to 
blow up the lock. Upon’ this surface a 
circular rib .of iron is raised, having the 
same centre with that on which the gate 
turns ; on this’ rib the gate will turn b 
means of aroller. The rib will be mo: 
conveniently placed, so as to be always 
under the centre of gravity iy ee 
; “an 
[March iy 
