f 
ri 
ty 
1821.) 
has been augmented by wetting. the) fruit 
with vinegar: hefore: it, is) pressed. The 
vinegar must wholly cover the fruit. The 
quantity. of liquor, obtained, is one-tenth 
greater than by any other procedure ; the 
vil-is. better flavored; and:more limpid. 
A method hasi been discovered. of unit- 
ing marble without icon, which is, liable 
to rust, andvafter rains gives a, greenish 
colour to the: marble, For this, purpose 
aceraent is used, which prevents, the rain 
from, penetrating and spoiling, works; of 
art-exposed’ to the weather. 
AUSTRIA, 
.& prodigy of precocious acquirewent 
has appearedvin Germany, in the person 
of. John Spitzler, a youth only 13, years of 
age, who is said to be well acquainted 
with ten different languages, most of the 
mathematical sciences, and to bea pro- 
ficientin music. He isa native of Lower 
Austria, and the son of a reduced, cler- 
gyman: for the jast six months. he has 
_ deen blind. .The Emperor Francis has 
settled a,pension on jun, 
_ The base of the Carpathian mountains, 
~mear Makonitza, fell on the 6th of No- 
_ vember, with a report so loud that it was 
heard at the.distance of twelve miles. 
Six villages have been destroyed hy this 
precipitation, aad 34 lives lost. 
The astragalus beticus has been suc- 
cessfully cultivated in large quantities 
near Schdnberg in Moravia, asa substi- 
tute for coffee. It is sown in April; and 
gathered:in September, and requires but; 
very little labour. ‘The seed is treated 
in the same manner as Arabian coffee, ; 
and many judges affirm that it is deficient 
only in smell; it ‘approaches nearer in 
taste to real coffee than any other vege- 
table, 
ITALY. 
-M. Panza, inspector of woods at Ra- 
venna, has discovered the secret of ex- 
tracting from the plant-seed of the thorn 
(namus paliurus of Linnzeus) aclear sweet 
oil; without smell, and. fit for. domestic 
«purposes. 
% 
All the vines and cotton within 14 
miles of Mount Vesuvius, were destroyed 
by the eruption of the 12th of September. 
Every thing else within eight or ten miles 
was also destroyed. The lava, in some 
~ places, was 100 feet deep. ’ 
A Society for the promotion, of Agri- 
culture has: been. established at Rome, 
At its first meeting, it was resolved to, 
offer a prize of the value of about. 30, 
guineas, for, the best Memoir on the. con- 
struction of a plough adapted to, the soil 
ie 
of the. country, which would unite the 
wen 
ae 
Literary and Philosophical Intelligence. 
16g 
principles of least resistance with works 
ing, to the greatest depth. 
Fhe extraordinary Consulta has direct- 
ed that tle Schools, of the Fine Arts de- 
pendent. on the Academy of St. Luke, 
shall be composed of sixteen, chairs, viz. 
six of the highest class, ten, of the second, 
and three adjuncts. The, professors of 
the first class. will enjoy a salary of 1200 
francs, those of the, second; 800 francs, 
and the adjuncts, 500 francs. Gratificas 
tions will be annually granted, them from 
the, funds of the city. Qut of the 25,000 
francs, granted to the, Academy for. its 
expences, 8300. will be, allotted to the 
candidates for, the, prizes, and, other vari- 
able demands, for the schools. The build- 
ings of the convent of Ara Celi, in the 
Capitol, are given to the Academy for 
the establishment of schools of desiyn, 
exhibition-reoms, cabinets, museuns, &e, 
and for attendants on the Academy. M.\ 
Canova is appointed perpetual director. 
The public works undertaken in, the 
same. city, for the. purpose. of clearing 
away the earth from the remains of anti- 
quity, are prosecnted with activity. The 
remains. of the Temple of Vesta, also 
that of Fortuna Virilis, are being. puc. 
into a state of order and-better condition, 
The workmen have cleared. the base.of. 
the temple of Jupiter Stater, and the 
ground about it is completely levelled. 
The diggings in the Coliseum proceed, 
and in many places. the. bases. of the pi- 
lasters,are discovered. The Labularium, 
now disencumbered from the ruins which 
concealed it, displays its beautiful Doric 
order. The excavations about the tem- 
ple of Antoninus and: Faustina, are also 
going on briskly... Other works are pro- 
ceeding in thé Forwm Romanum, now 
called the Campo Vaccino; in the Baths 
of Titus, with a view to-discover the sub- 
terraneous grottos and: their paintings ; 
and also at the Arch of Janus Quadri- 
formis, f 
M. Rosa, of Rimini, formerly a pro-- 
fessqr, and well-known to his country- 
men by his works on natural history and 
natural philosophy, has discovered an 
indigenous substance proper to be sub- 
stituted for indigo, for communicating all 
shades of blue tints, either to silk, wool, 
thread, or cotton. He asserts that the 
colourng fecula of this matter is in no 
wise, inferjor to. indigo, whether as to 
beauty, or yivagity, of colour, or as to 
durability and resistance to the effects 
of exterior bodies, 
EAst INDIES. 
A forest in kndija, 65 mileg in length, 
and 
