asi] 
near here, called: the “ Moors’ Castle,” 
and extending in a line from the bottom 
almost to the top of the rock; but they 
are useless in modern _ fortifications, 
and shew numberless marks of the ene- 
my’s shot. It would be uninteresting 
for me to enumerate. all the bat- 
teries that are on the rock, such as 
“ Willis’s Watteries,” of which there are 
many; the “grand battery, and the 
grand cavallier,” at the land port, are 
formed of two tier of guns, thirty- 
two-pounders,- and thirteen inch-mor- 
tars, defending the north end of ‘the 
town. The ditch at this place, it is said, 
Bonaparte has declared he will fill with 
his dead, and march his storming party 
over their bodies in the event of his bes 
sieging the place! 
At one end of these batteries is the new 
Mole, where the merchant ships lie in 
_ time of peace; during a war they cannot 
anchor here, as they.are exposed to the 
fire of the Spanish battery of fort St. Phi. 
lip. Itisa convenient and safe anchorage, 
but the roadstead is very dangerous, 
particularly in the winter months, when 
the winds prevail from the south and 
the west; wrecks are then frequent. 
The Mole is inclosed by extensive 
works, erected while Sir Thomas Trigge 
Was governor, in 1804, (as appears from 
an inscription over the gate-way), and by 
tlie celebrated battery called the “ Devil’s 
Tongue,” which extends into the bay 
ppwards of three hundred feet, and is 
mounted with twenty-four pounders, atid 
thirteen inch-mortars. It rises just above 
the level of high water, and to the 
enemy is very formidable, though it ap- 
pears to them so small that during the 
whole of the late siege, they were not 
once able to throw a shell into it. 
The King’s bastion, at the water’s 
edge, about the centre of the rock, is 
another fine work, erected by General 
Boyd, previous to the siege; it was before 
this battery, that the celebrated floating 
batteries of the Spaniards were burnt by 
the red-hot shot Pie garrison. General 
Boyd is buried within it ; and casemates 
for a great number of soldiers, are in- 
closed by it. 
_ Near this bastion is mounted a brass 
mortar, weighing eighty-seven hundred 
ounds; and there are upwards of four 
undred pieces of artillery mounted on 
the rock, there being scarcely any part 
of it ynfortifjed that could receive a gun,, 
| The town’ is not extensive, the houses 
e necessarily built low, and are in ge- 
neral very small, There is one principal 
Jaurnal of a recent Voyage to Cudiz. 
429 
street, badly and disgracefully paved 
and dirty; many less ones branch off 
on each side, gradually winding up on 
the side of the rock, where the wooden 
houses,, or wooden sheds, overtop each 
other, ? 
The inhabitants, or residents, are 
computed at about twelve thousand 
souls; of which two-thirds are Spaniards 
and Barbary Jews; besides a mixture of 
all nations, and of all languages. The 
troops now amount to about five thou. 
sand, whose abodes are scattered on 
various parts of the rock, in confined 
barracks or bomb-proof casernates. 
A very small portion of the rock pre= 
sents a Cultivated surface, as it has not 
any natural soil; it atiords, therefore, 
not any sort of pasture, or scarcely any 
thing like food for the inhabitaurs, The 
supply of most necessaries is furnished 
chiefly from the African coast, and now 
the intercourse is uninterrupted from 
Spain. Salted provisions, pulse, -pota- 
toes, cheese, and butter, are brought 
from England., The glacis is now con- 
verted into gardens, and vegetation is sa 
rapid, that cabbayes, cauliflowers,’ and 
other esculents, are grown throughout 
the year. There are also a few small 
gardens between the protuberances of 
the rock, which principally belong to 
officers; and we here and there see the 
almond and orange in bloom, 
A few goats are kept for the sake of 
their milk, they find their sustenance 
among the herbaye on the rock, where they 
‘« With faces prone’ 
And eyes intent upon the scanty herb, 
It yields them; or, incumbent on its brow, 
Ruminate heedless of the scene outspread 
Beneath, beyond, and stretching far away, 
From inland regions to the distant main.” 
The communication with Spain being 
open, the natives come in daily- with 
their asses and mules, loaded with bread, 
pouliry, &c. &c. They. drive in their 
cattle and some sheep, neither of them 
of good quality. The beef is not fat, 
and is so small, that a quarter often 
weighs not more than forty or fifty 
pounds. The sheep are also lean and 
small; they cost about two dollars and a 
halfeach, and weigh fourteen pounds per 
quarter ; the wool is generally black, and 
always coarse, and with the skin is sele 
dom worth more than a shilling. The 
pork is very good. Goats and kids are 
often eaten; a kid may be bought for 
about half a dollar. Bread is plentiful, 
and costs about two-pence-halfpenny per 
pound; it is not however of very good 
quality, 
