ANNOTATED LIST. 81 
Pedicellarie present, scattered on abactinal surface, on plates or on papular areas 
indiscriminately apparently, not very numerous, yet by no means uncommon, but confined 
almost entirely to basal half of ray; each pedicellaria is curved, sometimes only very 
slightly, often very distinctly, but never anywhere nearly enough to appear semicircular 
as in duncani; the valves are 0.50 to 0.75 mm. long, rather narrow, wider at tip than at 
base, not denticulate but with a somewhat crenulate margin; the margins of the alveole 
appear to be smooth. A few of the pedicellari# on the actinal or adambulacral plates 
near the base of the ray are remarkable for the fact that the area on their concave side is 
entirely occupied by a single, swollen ellipsoidal granule, almost as large as the distal half 
of a subambulacral spine. 
Adambulacral armature as usual, in two series; furrow spines arranged very clearly in 
pairs, subequal, about three times as long as wide, quite flat, the thickness about one-half 
the width, only slightly rounded at tip. There are no granules on the inner face, but on 
the outer side the granular membrane of the actinal surface extends up nearly to their 
tips. Subambulacral spines stout, terete, bluntly pointed, often distinctly curved; the 
largest are 1.3-1.5 mm. long and 0.50 to 0.70 mm. thick; the very base is conspicuously 
sheathed by the granular actinal membrane. At base of ray there is a subambulacral 
spine on each adambulacral plate, but beyond about the twentieth (on one ray the tenth) 
adambulacral there is, as a rule, a subambulacral spine only on every other plate. Oral 
plates not marked in any way, concealed by the actinal membrane; oral angles crowded 
with the usual 8 marginal and 2 suboral spines; suborals noticeably smaller than the first 
subambulacrals. Color in life dull light-brownish-red, which by preservation (in formalin 
and drying) has become an orange-brown. 
Holotype, M. C. Z. No. 2266; southwestern reef at Mer, Murray Islands, Torres 
Strait, October 27, 1913. 
On the afternoon of our last day at Mer, a very low tide enabled me to get far out 
on the southwestern reef, and under a coral fragment I found this well-characterized Ophi- 
diaster. While nearly allied to duncani, the Torres Strait species will not be confused with 
the one from Mauritius, the difference in the pedicellarie alone being very striking. But 
in both species the fine uniform granulation is notable, serving to distinguish them from 
some of their allies. In lioderma, under a magnification of 95 diameters, the granules are 
seen to be somewhat squamiform and very evidently papillose. 
Ophidiaster ludwigi. 
De Loriol. 1900. Rev. Suisse Zool., 8, p. 78, pl. 8, figs. 1-1f. 
This well-marked species is known only from the original small specimen (R=40 
mm.), which bore only the locality label ‘‘Perou.” The color was brown-violet. Whether 
this specimen came from Peru, South America, or from Peru, Caroline Islands, remains 
to be determined. 
Ophidiaster granifer. 
(Plate 7, Figure 1; Plate 29, Figures 3 and 4.) 
Litken. 1871. Vid. Med., p. 276. 
Early in the morning of September 6, 1913, during low tide, I had the privilege of 
collecting on the reef-flat at the southern end of Green Island, a coral islet about one-sixth 
of a mile in diameter, some 18 miles east by south from Cairns, Queensland. Under a 
rock near low-tide mark at the edge of the reef-flat, I found a small sea-star quite new to 
me. About 2 weeks later I found several specimens of the same thing, in a similar habitat 
at Erub (Darnley Island), Torres Strait. On the east flat at Mer the same sea-star was 
fairly common, more than 20 individuals being found there. The largest specimen col- 
