ANNOTATED LIST. 85 
group easy to recognize. While Leiaster has a perfectly smooth, shiny skin, quite free 
from granules, and Ophidiaster and Tamaria have a wholly granulated skin, Dactylosaster 
shows a very constant and easily recognized feature in a smooth, somewhat shiny skin, 
with granules only at the approximate center of each skeletal plate. Although Gray put 
two species in the genus, only one is at all generally known, the second being one of the 
many “‘lost species’”’ of the famous British naturalist. The two are supposed to be dis- 
tinguished from each other as follows: 
Key to the Species of Dactylosaster. 
Granmesion skeletal plates|squam forma. .rercpiesiciieieiiene ie crsveeies Le inl ois wis wae eciere ae ee ieee ce nents cylindricus 
Granulesjoniskeletalsplatesispiniform’.....cis atic ce ce sie aeieleiae oe hints ete cose alesis cise ce aeizeea mension gracilis 
Dactylosaster cylindricus 
Asterias cylindrica Lamarck. 1816. Anim. sans Vert., 2, p. 567. 
Dactylosaster cylindrica Gray. 1840. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 283. 
Ophidiaster cylindrica de Loriol. 1885. Mem. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve, 29, No. 4, p. 20; pl. xi, figs. 3-4. 
De Loriol’s admirable account of this species with his excellent figures leaves little 
further to be noted here, but it may be said that his figure 3 gives a better idea of the 
color of well-preserved specimens than his description. In life the color is quite a bright 
red and this may be very well retained by specimens preserved in formalin or dried there- 
from. Simpson and Rudmose-Brown (1910) say: 
“In life the colour schemes of this species are extremely striking and by far the most brilliant 
in the associated fauna. Many specimens are dark red all over; others are of a bright yellow with 
dark red to vermilion blotches on the arms. They are somewhat slimy to the touch when alive. 
There is never more than one madrepore-plate.”’ 
It is interesting to note that while pedicellariz: seem to be always present in specimens 
from Mauritius (though they are often very few in adults), they are apparently wanting 
in Hawaiian specimens. The species has not hitherto been recorded from Hawaii, but speci- 
mens have been in the Museum of Comparative Zoédlogy for nearly 70 years which were 
taken there, and when I was at Hilo in December 1913 I found a fine adult specimen under 
a rock near low-water mark. In spite of the very extended range (Portuguese Hast Africa 
to Muscat and eastward to Fiji and Hawaii), cylindricus is not yet known from the ‘Torres 
Strait region nor from any part of the Australian coast, nor even from New Caledonia. 
The largest specimen I have seen has R =75 mm. but on the East African coast it reaches 
a very large size, with R =146 mm. 
Dactylosaster gracilis. 
Gray. 1840. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 283. 
All that we know of this species is contained in Gray’s very brief diagnosis and his 
statement that it is from the west coast of Columbia. When that region is again explored 
zoodlogically, this remarkable sea-star may be rediscovered. 
HACELIA. 
Gray, 1840. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 6, p. 284, as a subgenus of Ophidiaster. 
Genotype: Ophidiaster attenuatus Gray, 1840, l.c. Monotypic. 
This well-marked group was ignored by Perrier and Sladen, but was revived by Ludwig 
in 1897 and fully established by him. It should be emphasized, however, that the important 
character is not the mere presence of three series of actinolateral plates, but the doubled 
number of each series as compared with the inferomarginals, the arrangement among them- 
selves, and particularly the resulting arrangement of the papular areas. There is not 
