ANNOTATED LIST. 185 
careous ring and spicules are very good indeed, admirably showing the proportions of 
the dichotomously branched rods. His remarks on Miilleria formosa Selenka are also 
of great importance. 
This big holothurian is characteristic. of the western and southern Pacific, Java 
on the west and Okinawa on the north being the known limits on that side; on the 
east it reaches the Marshall Islands, and on the southeast the Society Islands, as is 
shown by specimens in the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy. How far to the south 
it occurs on the Barrier Reef is not known. Its absence from the Indian Ocean west of 
Java is striking. 
While we were at Mer, Dr. E. N. Harvey dissected a fresh specimen of ananas and 
made the interesting discovery that the epithelium covering practically all the internal 
organs, particularly the gonads, is colored with a red pigment, which becomes purple in 
the presence of alkalies. He accordingly made use of tissues from fresh specimens of this 
holothurian in experiments he was making on the permeability of living tissues by acids. 
Thelenota anax' sp. nov. 
(Plate 18, Figure 3.) 
Length in life, 725 mm.; now, in alcohol, about 425 mm.; width about 100 mm. and 
height 80 to 85 mm. Body-wall thick, especially dorsally. Ventral surface densely covered 
with pedicels, with no indication of longitudinal series. Dorsal surface also well covered 
by ambulacral appendages, but these are for the most part more papilliform than those 
of the ventral side; most of these papille are quite small, but along each side and scattered 
rather sparingly over the back are larger papillae, which may be as much as 6 to 8 mm. 
high and 8 to 10 mm. in diameter at base (in life); in the preserved specimen they can be 
detected only with difficulty. The form and distribution of the ambulacral appendages, 
as well as their size and color at the anterior end of the body, are well brought out in the 
figure (pl. 18, fig. 3). There are no anal teeth, nor are there any papille about the anus 
to suggest them. Tentacles 16 or more; 16 can be counted, but they are in poor condition 
and I have little doubt 20 is the normal number. Calcareous ring only moderately heavy, 
not peculiar; dorsal side higher (wider) than ventral; radial pieces larger than interradial 
and their posterior margin more deeply concave, but the differences are not very great. 
Polian vessels, madreporic canals, and the very long tentacle ampulle are so inextricably 
tangled with parts of gonad and respiratory-trees that nothing certain could be made out 
as to their number. Lining of body-cavity a deep brownish-red, as in ananas, indicating 
that the same “‘indicator”’ pigment is present in this species. 
Calcareous spicules of body-wall of two sorts, similar to those of ananas. The minute 
oval grains are excessively numerous and form a fairly continuous layer, not very thick, 
all over the body; a rough estimate indicates there are not fewer than 160 billion of them 
if the layer averages one-fourth of a millimeter in thickness! Most of the grains are about 
0.002 mm. long, the width a very little less, but a considerable number are noticeably 
larger; the largest measured was about 0.005 mm. long. Just outside the granules lie the 
dichotomously branched rods; they seem to be a little more numerous ventrally than 
dorsally, but they do not form a definite layer and are seldom abundant enough anywhere 
for the ends to overlap; the length “over all” is 0.040 to 0.100 mm. They are, as in ananas, 
of two quite distinct kinds, slender and stout. The slender ones have the original rod 
(where the entire length is about 0.100 mm.) about 0.012 mm. long and 0.004 mm. thick; 
the primary branches are about 0.016 mm. long and 0.003 mm. thick; the secondary 
branches are nearly as long and a little more slender; and the tertiary branches are about 
0.008 mm. long, fine and acute. The tertiary branches usually have 1 to 3 long, con- 
1 Gvaé = a prince or chief, in reference to the large size and fine appearance of this notable holothurian, 
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