Xx GEELMUYDEN. ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS. [NoRW. POL. EXP. 
This compass was often used on the ice at a convenient distance from the 
ship. It was provided with a mirror, placed before the wire-vane of the 
sight, and moveable about a horizontal axis. 
Besides the steering compass, which was placed before the wheel, behind 
the mizzen mast, and which could be provided with sights, there was an 
azimuth dial on the bridge, suspended in gimbals; diameter 15.5 em., distance 
between the sights 12.5 em. This was often used to take the bearing of 
the Sun or a star in order to determine the combined magnetic declination 
and deviation on board. 
Two small compasses by Olsen with sharp needles pointing to the rim 
which was divided into degrees. The suspension is by agate cups on steel 
pins. The one is mounted in a brass box and has a needle of 64 mm. 
length, the other an aluminium box and needle of 59 mm. length. Both 
were used by Mr. Nansen on the sledge-expedition, and on some few occasions 
by Mr. Scott-Hansen before Nansen’s departure. 
A telescope by Negretti and Zambra, with an aperture of 7.4 em., the 
astronomical eyepiece giving a power of 65, The principal use of this 
instrument was the observation of eclipses of Jupiter’s Satellites. A smaller 
telescope of aluminium was used by Mr. Nansen on the sledge-expedition. 
The chronometers and their installation will be mentioned in another 
paragraph. 
Lieut. Seott-Hansen, who has made by far the most of the observations, 
has expressed a desire to acknowledge, on this occasion, the good services of 
his assistants, Mr. Jonansen and Mr. Norpaut, the latter after Johansen’s 
departure with Nansen on the sledge-expedition. 
