1 8 1 6. J Particulars of the 



Egypt, including the maritime war, 

 contagious diseases, and famine, is 

 stated to amount to the dreadfnl total 

 oijive millions eight hundred thousand! 



PUBLICOLA. 



Fur the 3Ionthly Magazine. 



PARTICI'LARS of the STATE of the OHIO; 



( continued from page 226.^ 



SEA vessels iiave already ascended 

 tlie Mississippi and Oiiio, to Ciii- 

 ciniiatti ; and there is now a petition 

 before Congress to make it a port of 

 entry, notwithFfandiiig it is near two 

 tJiousand miles np those rivers from 

 the ocean. Companies are formed there 

 and at Pittsburgh, for importing their 

 goods directly from Europe and else- 

 where into the state of Oiiio, the navi- 

 gation of those rivers being, perhaps, in- 

 ferior to few, if any, in tiie « orld, in 

 point of safety ; and tliere is little cur- 

 rent: they already bring from New Or- 

 leans for 3 cents per li>. ; but I (hiuk 

 we shall need but little from others, as 

 our own soil prodnccs, and is capable 

 of producing, every necessary article of 

 life. Salt-s))rings and iron-ore are plen- 

 tiful, as well as cojjperas and alum ; 

 and, no doubt, many other minerals will 

 he discovered, as manufacturing esta- 

 blishments increase. Lead is plentiful 

 in the Illinois territory. We are well 

 stored «illi the best bred fine-wonled 

 shee]> from Spain, and, also, with many 

 other kinds of good qualities; and these, 

 as well lis cattle, horses, I'.ogs, Sec. thrive 

 well ; so that, from every view I am able 

 to take of this subject, it appears, that 

 at no distant period, the farmer, the 

 grazier, and the manufacturer. Mill each 

 furnisli a market for the oflier ; and that 

 each of thusc will, through the aid of 

 the merchant, dispose of their produce 

 and maruifactures to other countries, iti 

 a much greater proportion than we shall 

 stand in need of from others; and thus, 

 the balance of trade being greatly in 

 our favour, o;ir country will become 

 greath' enriched ; and, however specu- 

 lative these ideas may appear to some 

 persons, they have already been realized 

 beyond the most sanguine expectations 

 of many. 



industrious farmers generally live 

 well, and many of them make money, 

 as it is termed, (.'razing cattle in some 

 parts, and keeping- sheep in others, has 

 \ii-vn thought the better business; and 

 it apjKiux probable, that, as tlie carrying 

 Irude iuijiruvo, tbiii cIuku vf citizeuK 



State of Ohio. 465 



will be greatly benefited tliereby ; but, 

 at present, merchants and tradesmen, 

 manufacturers of glass, iron, paper, cot- 

 ton, flour, salt, &c. &c. have the most 

 lucrative concerns. Prudent men, pos- 

 sessed of capital, m.'iy employ it in the 

 purchase of lands, and in a variety of 

 ways to great advantage. Labouring 

 men in most kinds of useful business, 

 except some of the finer kinds, which 

 require much labour to perfect tlicm, 

 and pay but litde freight or ciirriage, 

 comjjared with their value, generally 

 gain fast; and common labourers, who 

 are prudent and iiulnstiious, may soon 

 become their own masters, and possessed 

 of a tract of good lanil in fee simple, 

 sufficient for a comfortable farm. In- 

 deed, the greatest difliculty we expe- 

 rience is the want of workmen and 

 labourers in every branch of business: 

 however, as the settlements become 

 older, and the price of land rises, we 

 shall find less difficulty in this respect. 

 Wages for common labouring men is 

 half a dolhu- per day, anti in harvest 75 

 cents, or one bushel of wheat, or from 

 10 to 12 dollars per nmntli, or from 100 

 to 150 dollars p<r \ear, «ith board and 

 lodging in either case. All kinds of 

 mechanics are paid still higher. 



A person |)ossessiiig 6001. might pur- 

 chase 160 acres of land, in some of oar 

 settlements, greatly improved, at 10, 8, 

 or 12 dollars per acre, on whicli, per- 

 haps, with a small additional expense, 

 and with prudence and indu.stry, he 

 might live very comfortably and rear a 

 large family of cliildren in a respectable 

 manner; and, if an economist, make 

 money. He might also si)are money 

 enough to luuchase 200 or 300 acres of 

 unimproved land, at 2 dollars per acre; 

 these he might let on leases of seven 

 years, to be improved in two or three 

 farms for his children, &c.; that is, give 

 the tenants the whole produce for seven, 

 or any number of years agreed upon, tor 

 the expense of clearing and erecting 

 the nsual buildings: thus the owner 

 will have his new land cleared and iui- 

 prove<l without cost; and, by the time 

 the lease, or leases, arc expired, it will 

 be in a productive state ; and, if the 

 land be well chosen, it may be worth 

 bv tliat time five, or even ton, times its 

 original value ; or, should the owner pre- 

 fer occupying his unimproved land him- 

 self, he might purchase 600 or 800 

 acres, at two dollars per acre, and save 

 the remnimler of bis money to assist 

 iijmiu improving, ^c. If the purchaser 

 ■"■'■■ '.)<-• '.'..1- . ■ |)08«cg:>cd 



