1 S07.] Observations viade during a Tour in the Vniled States. 54-1 



become valuable to the purchafers, the 

 Indian ri-^hts vvere to be puichafed, 

 •which was effected by \^^ayl1e's Treaty. 

 The claims ot" tlte United States wei-e 

 then to be fettled, which was not eft'ett- 

 td until 1800; when Connecticut, with 

 .conient of the purchafers, relcafod the 

 jurildiction for the benefit of tlie United 

 t>tates ; and the United Slates relcafed 

 to Connecticut the rights of foil, for the 

 benefit of the purchafers: thus fettling 

 the titles to this country for ever. 



In confcqucnce of thefe litigations, 

 and the Indian wars, no fettlements 

 were effected in the Referve till about 

 the year 1800, when it was formed into 

 the county of Trumbull, and made a 

 part of the (late of (Jhio. The propri- 

 etors at the fame time had the land 

 furvcyed, and divided according to their 

 refpective fliares ; having firft caufed to 

 be made about 800 miles of waggon 

 road. 



It may not be improper briefly to 

 notice a difpute which took place in 

 Connecticut, in confcquence of this faie, 

 and which was warmly conceited during 

 fixorfeven fucccflive legillatures. The 

 quellion was, what ufe ihould i)e made 

 of the interefi of the capital thus accru- 

 ing to tlie li:ate? The federal party, 

 backed by the influence and ejp7-it de 

 corps of the clergy, contended tliat the 

 interell fliould exclulively be annually 

 divided among that meek and unambi- 

 tious clafs of citizens ; whilil the demo- 

 cratic party contended that it ought to 

 be applied in promoting the education 

 ef all the children of the llaie. It was 

 ultimately carried in favour of the latter 

 plan ; and in confcquencc, every child 

 born in the (late of Connecticut is en- 

 titled, of right, to five years' fchooiin'j, 

 viz. from fcven to twelve years of age, 

 and taught reading, writing, arithmetic, 

 and geography. The benefits ariling 

 trom this mode of applying the interefi 

 is already perceptible^ for I have i'een 

 fome young people from that Itate pof- 

 felVed of geographical knowledge well 

 calculated to make their feniors blufh. 

 Tliut fiich a queltion could fo loni: be 

 contcfted, (hews the enormous influence 

 of the tieryy, as well as the blind bi- 

 gotry of many of the citizens of the 

 ftatc ; particularly when we confider 

 that the educating fyfteni was advo- 

 cated by all the talents, zeal, and elo- 

 quence of Gideon Ciransjer, now I'oll- 

 innller-general of the United States, 

 and other leading democrats in Connec- 

 ticut, who alio llrongly pourtruyeil ihc 



ill confequence necelTarily derivable froia 

 rendering one cJals of citizens, tlic cler- 

 gy, independent of any exertion of their 

 own talents. Previous to this arrange- 

 ment, on the fettlement of bouiidHr'i'cj 

 between Connecticut and Mulfachufetts, 

 the former ibitc fettled on Vale colieyu 

 100,000 acres of land, which were at tliat 

 time awarded to her. 



The Hate of Ohio bids fair to become 

 one of the molt important Hates in this 

 Union, and is reputed to contain a fmaller 

 proportion of nncukirable land than aiiv 

 other Hate. She has no deiits; and live 

 milhons of acres were granted to her by 

 the United States, for the exprefs pui^ 

 pole of defraying the expcnces of her 

 civil government. All the lauds in the 

 Ohio, except thofe in the Connecticut; 

 Relerve ,were the property of .the United 

 States, and are felling by them at fnjin 

 two to eight dollars per acre. Of the 

 products of thefe fales, five per cent, is 

 fet apart by the United States, exclu- 

 fively for tlie purpofe of making a good 

 road fiom the waters of the Atlantic to 

 the Hate of Ohio. Another, and I 

 think a very great, advantage is, that 

 no Haves can exiH within her territory. 

 The county of Trumbull has its name 

 from a governor of ConneCiicut ; and 

 though fettlements commenced thereiu 

 very lately, I believe n(j part of tiie 

 UnitediStates has becnpeopled with equal 

 rapidity : this may be variouHy account-^ 

 ed for. The propeity has long belouiicd 

 to private individuals; many of the lirib 

 purchafers have fold to others; and 

 every holder of land in that county 

 looked to a future fettlement therein. 

 Many of the proprietors are among the 

 richeH individuals in the United States; 

 and their elYorts to fettle the county 

 have been proportionable to their 

 means: add to ail which, the Hate of 

 Connecticut is governed by a narrow and 

 illiberal policy, at which many of lier 

 whig citizens are difguHed ; and fevcral 

 very refpectable families of this defcrip- 

 tion have removed into Trumbull, in 

 0!-der to free theinfelves from the into- 

 lerance of the ruling party in Connecti- 

 cut. This county commences at the 

 north-weft coyncr of Pennfvlvania, and 

 extends on that Hate line, fouth, to the 

 completion of the -HH degree of north h> 

 titude, to the Indian carrying place, be- 

 tween the river Cayahoga and the Tuf- 

 carora branch of die Mulkiiigum ; hence 

 by the path, or carrying place, between 

 the river Cayahoga and the waters of 

 Lukg Eric: uud from ihence, by the 



lake, 



