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NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED, .— - 
[Oct..1,. 
ee 
MR. WILLIAM HAWKES'S (NEWPORT, SA 
LoP,) for Improvements on Musical- 
Reyed. Instruments of Twelve fixed 
Tones. 
HE improvements in the organ are 
effected by a pedal under key- 
board, and an extra slide to every stop 
in the sdund-board to the extra pipes, 
viz. sharps and flats ; which by depressing 
the pedal with the foot, brings on the 
sharp scale, and by elevating the pedal 
brings on the: flat-scale; and as the flats 
go off, the sharps are brought on, and 
Inversely as the sharps go off, the flats 
are brought on by the action of the pedal 
communicated to the additional slide, 
with double holes adapted to the addi- 
. Honal pipes; namely, five pipes to each 
octave. The improvement in the piano- 
forte is effected by adding seven diatonic 
and five flat tones to the present scale of 
twelve fixed tones, Which form two chro- 
‘matic scales; the one is termed a flat’ 
scale, and the other a sharp scale: this 
is done by two sets of springs, of two uni- 
sohs to each set, which are acted upon, 
without the addition of a key to the key- 
board, by a pedal, by which the key- 
board is made to move forward and back- 
ward, about one-fourth of av inch; the 
same hammers striking each set of 
strings, both in the flat and sharp scale, 
by depressing the pedal with the foot 
when the sharp scalé is wanted, and ele- 
vating the pedal when the flat scale’ is 
wanted, 
—_FE 
MR. SAMUEL PHELPS’s (LAMBETH,) for 
certain Improvements in the Manu- 
facture of Soup. 
The first thing we notice in this speci- 
fication is, an increase of size in the boil- 
er, and instead of raising the temperature 
of the “goods,” viz. the leys, &c. to the 
boiting heat by the application of fire 
alone,, Mr. Phelps introduces  sitéam 
through a pipe or pipes, into the said 
goods; and he finds that the re-action, or 
pressure afforded, by suffering the steam 
to pass into the goods at about four feet 
below the surface, is sufficient to cause 
‘the same to boil very speedily, and to 
produce a perfect union of the parts in 
leSs tine, and with a less expenditure of 
leys than in the ordinary process of ma- 
king soap. He prevents the rising of the 
goods from the boiler or vessel, into the 
steam boiler, by interposing cocks, or 
valves, between the steam boiler, and 
that in which the soap is made. Since 
condensation of the steam, allowance for - 
the same is made by using leys of niuch 
greater strength, or in larger quantities, 
mi? 
MESSRS. FOURDRTNTER’s (LONDON,) for 
muking Paper by means of Muchines, &c. 
The term of this patent, which has 
been obtained at different periods, is ex- 
tended to fifteen vears from August 14, 
1807. ‘he improvements now given, as 
_the last and most perfect, consist in using 
a revolving web of wove wire, or other 
similar material applicable in like manner 
as a web; the same being made endless 
by joining its ends together, similar to a 
round towel, or by baving it wove end- 
less, and in applying such web to the ma- - 
king or manufacturing of paper, accor- 
ding to the arrangement atid’ application 
of the revolving of endless web, in con- 
nection with other mechanical apparatus, 
Tn this manufacture, the pulp or ma- 
terial of which the paper is intended to 
be made, having been prepared in the 
usual way, is’ deposited in a proper re- 
ceptacle or vat. It is theré brought to 
its proper consistency, by mixing it with 
water. It is then sufferedto run through 
certain ajfertures in the side or front of 
the vat, and conducted from thence by 
an inclined plane, in'an uniform stream 
upon the surface of the revolving web, 
which is so placed, that its surface shall 
be as nearly level as possible, and shall 
have its revolving motion in the direction 
in which the stream of pulp runs from the 
vat. This web is kept extended longitu= _ 
dinally by two principal or extreme roll-” 
ers, upon which it revolves; and the up- 
per part thereof, upon which the paper is 
formed, is supported and kept level by a 
number of small rollers placed parallel 
with the other two, and at such distances 
from each other as to prevent the web 
from being pressed or weighed dewn by 
the pulp into the spaces between them, 
and also to cause the pulp té sjread itself 
uniformly upon the surface of the web or 
sheet, thereby producing a sheet of paper 
of an uniform thickness. “The width of 
the sheet of paper is determined by two 
pieces of wood, set edge-ways upon the 
web, exactly parallel with each other, 
and with the line of motion of the web. 
These pieces require no particular pre- 
cision. as. to their dimensions, but are 
generally about three inches in depth, ; 
one inch and a quarter thick, and about 
four 
by the’ introduction of steam, the strengths” 
of the leys is somewhat altered by the _ 
“a 
