1809.] - 
be given with much less absolute friction 
than the sum of a great number of small 
forces, even if they amount to the same 
impulse, for as many parts (or even more) 
of the train are in motion, and inas much 
motion each to produce the lesser im- 
pulse as the greater one; and, therefore, 
iN giving the one united impulse there is 
no more friction than in giving each of 
the sixty lesser ones; that is to say, the 
friction in applying the requisite main- 
taining power on this principle, is only 
one sixtieth of what it is in the ordinary 
mode. Inthe third place, this applica- 
tion of the system of extreme detach- 
ment has all the advantages of increasing 
the time of repose, as to the wear of the 
works in common with the inclined plane 
regulator, but it is of enhanced impor- 
tance with reference to the escapement ; 
for asin this case the swing-wheel and 
the pallet by which the force is imparted 
to the pendulum, are only in contact 
once in a minute, a relief is thus afforded 
to this most delicate and important part 
of the works, not accomplished by any 
escapement hitherto constructed. So 
also is the train in like manner simplified ; 
for the two swing-wheels are here the 
indicator of seconds and minutes, though 
both are connected immediately with the 
pendulum; that is, one revolves once in a 
minute, and the other once in an hour, 
without any intermediate train. Hence 
arises a great additional saving of friction 
and work ; for an eight-day clock requires 
only one pinion with the ordinary num- 
bers, and an extremely small power, and a 
year-clock may be made with only two 
Pinions, with the ordinary numbers of an 
eight-day clock, and with very little more 
power, 
~ 
= 
BR. JOHN CARR’S (SHEFFIELD) for a Me- 
thod of applying Flat Ropes, Flat 
Bands, §c. to Cupsterns and Wind- 
lasses, and also for applying Flat or 
Round Ropes for the purpose of catch- 
ing Whales. : 
The method of applying the flat rope, 
hand, Wc. is by attaching them to the 
capstern, so that they may be easily taken 
of when required; or by having a splice 
New Patents lately enrolled. 
575 
may be disunited within a few yards of 
the end, or it may be wound in. two or 
more tiers; in which case it may not be 
necessary to apply multiplying wheels to 
work it: bat if the flat rope,.&c. be 
wound in one tier only, in-order to give 
sufficient power: to the sailors to heave 
the ship forward when the band has in- 
creased in diameter, it will be proper to 
fix a large tooth wheel on the capstern 
axletree, about equal in diameter to the 
greatest extent the rope goes to, which 
may be worked by a small nut wheel, or 
wheels, and two flat ropes, &c. may be 
applied on the same capstern. The pa- 
tentee has in his specification annexed 
drawings descriptive of his mode of ope- 
ration, and he adds that the nut wheel 
should be fixed about the centre of the 
vessel, which allows room for a sufficient 
length of capstern bars, and gives rooim 
to the saitors to apply their full powers 
and strength. 
The advantages of this invention in 
towing ships and vessels, consist in sav» 
ing the labour of the men, in expedition, 
and preventing the ship’s decks being so 
much eneumbered with ropes. Its utility 
as an operation in catching whales is thus 
described: first, the lines being wound 
upon the reels, and passing safely frona 
the reel to the:head of the boat, are not 
subject to-entangling, as in the old way: 
Secondly, they are not subject to injury or 
to be quickly destroyed, as they are in 
the old way, by running round the bol- 
lard. Thirdly, in the method usually em- 
ployed, men’s hands are frequently in- 
flamed by holding back the whale line. By 
the lever employed in Mr, Cam’s method 
(which with other parts cannot be well ex- 
plained without the aid of figures) the speed 
of the whale may be effectually retarded 
without danger or difficulty by the hay 
pooner, orother personappointed, Fourrh- 
ly, by this method the line is confined in 
the centre and stern of the boat, and wilt 
therefore prevent the danger and iNcon- 
venience to the men that would ensue if 
it were at liberty ; and by making a boat 
large enough to accommodate two reels 
and a sufficient quantity of lines, fewer 
boats and a smaller number of men will 
be required to man a whale ship, 
REPORT" 
