624 
ed from Mr, King. I shall only say, that 
the keep has a well, as noted by the lat- 
ter, and a chapel (now the evidence 
room). It ditfers from some others (of 
the 12th cent.), in having uo bastions or 
turrets on the wall of the outer yard or 
bailey; though the keep has four towers 
(one an exploratory tower at the corner). 
I do not know whether it is vaulted un- 
derneath, Jike most structures of this 
kind; the entrance of the keep, instead 
“of a narrow area, guarded by turreted 
walls, is by a very deep stair-case. The 
very ancient method of building used by 
the Romans, and quoted by Palladio and 
Grose,(1) viz. filling the insides with a 
fluid mortar, occurs here. The entrance 
into the outer bailey is under one iachi- 
collated gate-house (not one between two 
towers); and the same occurs with re- 
spect to the inner bailey, which is, how- 
ever, flanked by the projection of the 
keep on one side, anda narrow tower on 
‘the other. But this Custle is exactly de- 
-eribed in an old poem (2) (though not 
intended for Berkeley), which says that 
they consist of aditch er moat, the bar- 
bicans or watch-towers upon the outer 
-walls(here the apposition fails), the outer 
bailey or yard, then the building with 
the hall, kitchen, &c. the inner bailey or 
-eaurt, the keep with well, dungeon, &c. 
a terrasewalk round the building, and 
among the most common appendages a 
strait bowling alley. In these castles, 
where many persons of both sexes were 
assembled, different schemes of amuse- 
ment were forined; some went to the 
chamber, some to the bower, some re- 
mained conversing in the hall, and one 
particular amusement was mounting on 
the top of the highest tower.(3) To 
ride through the hall to the high table 
was usual,(4) and this hall was strewed 
with rushes, had perches for hawks, a 
gallery for minstrels, (5) and forms on 
each side, one for the ladies, the other 
for gentlemen, each sex separate. (6) 
The mode of dining in them has been 
Jong familiar, This hall should be adorn- 
ed with a cast of Robert Fitzharding, 
from his statue at Bristul. The castle at 
first comprehended only the inmost of 
the three gates, (7) and what was within 
1 Page 15, Engl. edit. 1695, 4ta, 
2 Warton’s Hist. Engl: Poetry, vol. i. 
p. 84. 
3 Id vol. p. 189. 
4 Id. p. 224, 
5 Chaucer, 
~ 6 Warton. 
_,7? Where are the three Mr. §. means? I 
Know bu: sro, 
7 | i i 
Retrospeot of Domestic Literature—Topography, Xe. 
4 
the same: the two utmost, and all the 
building within them, being the additions 
of Maurice, eldest son of Robert Fitz- 
harding, and of Thomas (2d), 6 Ed. If. 
and of Thomas (the third), Fd. 
IIT. (1) There was the towa-mill under 
the castle, very ancient. (2). The castle 
was one place of rendezvous for the re- 
bellious nobles in. the reign ef Jolin, (3) 
which King was here 19th Aug. 18 
John, (4) Having been seized by the 
crown, 1t was restored to ‘Thomas, first 
Lord B. upon his giving two hostages (one 
of whom was Gsbert Giffard, his sister’s 
son), and re-delivery, if needful. (5) At 
this time the constabie of the castle was 
usually allowed a salmon for his dinner on 
the first Sunday in Lent (6). Emery. de 
Sacy and lus fellow-knights were sent by 
the king, 17 Henry ILL. to request this 
lord to deliver to them as long as the 
king should please. (7) 1 Ed. IL. the 
M. castle, &c. was granted to Piers Ga- 
veston, (8) through rebellion, and 15 
Ed. again seized. (9) Hugh Spencer, the 
elder, then held it, during the imprison- 
ment of Maurice; but, by means of the 
queen’s passing by Berkeley with her ar- 
wny, Thomas, his son, recovered it, and 
great quantities of wheat and oats were 
procured to fortify it for her. April 5, 
1327, King Edward If. was brought to 
the castle, and Lord B ordered to use no 
familiarity with him, but deliver up the 
castle to Maltravers and Gurney, which 
he did. His lordship retired to a house 
in the park, which was, I suppose, his 
secret house, or lodge, a place where, at 
certain times of the year, the nobility re- 
tired; dismissed part of their servapts on 
visits to their friends, put the rest on 
board wages, reserved only a few, and 
permitted nobody to speak to them- 
selves.(10) The king was confined in a 
small room on the right hand of the 
keep staircase (where a cast of King 
Charles I. is still shown for him); 5l.a 
day was allowed for his board, and after 
his murder, his heart was put ina silver 
vessel, and the Berkel y family attended 
the carriage which conveyed the royal 
corpse to Gloucester. Lord Berkeley 
was tried for the offence, and pleaded 
EERE 
1 Smythe’s Lives, p. 36. 
2 Id. p. 105. 
3 Id. p. 197. 
4 Pat. 18. Joh. m. 4. 
5 Claus. 8 H. IIL, and Smythe. 
6 Smythe. 
7 Id. 166. 
8 Claus. 1 Ed. II. 
9 Smythe. 
10 Pastor Letters, IV. p.6, 7» 
tile 
ee 
