PRESIDENT’S ADDRESS —SECTION F. ig 
He is painted with a special design, which remains upon his 
body until in course of time it wears off, and after this it 
depends upon himself as to how deeply he becomes learned in 
all magic arts. Every day he hears more or less talk of the 
magic pointing-sticks and bones, by means of which men and 
women may be mysteriously done to death, and as he finds that 
everyone else believes in their efficacy, naturally he does so 
himself. These pointing sticks are called by various names, the 
common forms, known as Irna or Injilla, being merely rounded 
pieces of wood or bone, one end of which is pointed, while the 
other is tipped with a small lump of porcupine-grass resin. 
The Takula is in general form similar to the Ina, but, instead 
of being rounded, is flattened from side to side. When the man 
wishes to use one of these he retires with it to a secluded spot 
in the bush, and, crouching down, mutters some such incantation 
over it as the following:—‘‘May your heart be rent asunder, 
may your backbone be split open, may your ribs be torn 
asunder, and your head and throat be split open.” This is 
supposed to endow it with evil magic. The stick is then left 
for three or four days in the secret spot, and then breught near 
to the camp; finally, choosing his time, he steals out into the 
darkness beyond the area which is lighted by the camp fire, and 
turning his back upon his victim, jerks the stick in the direction 
of the latter, repeating each time the curses. This over, he 
conceals the instrument, and within a short time the man 
begins to sicken, and will surely die unless saved by the skill 
of a medicine man. 
The spirits are supposed to use a special form of pointing 
stick, which is hooked at one end, and is called an Ullinka. 
This is projected into the body of the victim, and every now 
and then the spirit gives a malicious tug at the hair string 
which is attached to the hook, so as to increase the victim’s 
pain. The natives cannot understand illness save as the result 
of evil magic which has been projected into the body by some 
enemy, and the effects of which can only be remedied by counter 
magic. The evil magic is usually supposed to be resident in 
some specific object planted in the man’s body, and therefore 
before he can be cured this must be extracted by a medicine 
man, most often in the form of a piece of stick or stone. The 
native applies the term Arungquiltha both to the evil influence 
and to the object in which for the time being it may be resident, 
and whilst some men are more powerful in evil magic than 
others, there is no special class to which the practice is confined ; 
any man may practise the art, but, on the other hand, it is only 
the medicine men who are able to counteract the evil influence. 
In some cases the pointing sticks made by men of particular 
localities are more complicated, and, as in the following, two 
men may be associated in their use. The Chimpila is a double 
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