Investigations into tiie conditions governing the temperature of the bodз^ 41 



temperature and have found a pretty good agreement as a rule, as 

 good as could be expected, when employing a fixed gauge for the 

 comparison. They conclude that the daily variation in temperature 

 in the resting human being follows principally and probably entirely 

 the variations in the extent of the metabolic changes. 



In a later paper by the same authors in conjunction with Jo- 

 hansson and Landergreen \ dealing with the metabolic changes 

 during fasting, the results are given of some temperature measure- 

 ments made by the individual experimented on during the physiolo- 

 gical experiments. Here the amount of carbonic acid and the tem- 

 perature display a much more definite agreement, but there are 

 also curves of temperature which do not follow Jürgensen's scheme. 

 In the latter there is a maximum about 10 a.m. after some hour's 

 bodily exercise and then a fall on resting, lasting to about 4 p.m. 

 At 6 p.m. there is on ordinary days a slight rise of temperature 

 after dinner; in the curve for the fasting days there is also a rise 

 at this time of the day, but less marked. It is evidently due to the 

 person experimented on having now and then taken a short walk 

 at the time when he was accustomed to eat. In the single curves, 

 where nothing is said about exercise, no rise occurs at 6 p.m. 



We have here undoubtedly a type as fixed as the Jürgensen type, 

 but of quite a different form, being derived from an individual whose 

 mode of life differed from that followed by Jürgensen's individuals. 



Johansson^, finally, has shown that one may consciously in- 

 fluence temperature variations according as one observed a more 

 or less complete rest. 



Various attempts have been made to produce a "reversed" day 

 and night curve. 



Benedict and Snell'^ have measured the temperature in a man 

 who had lived "reversely" for 10 days and nights, but they did not 

 find any distinct tendency to a reversed curve. 



Benedict^ later tried the same method but without result. 



In an individual with "reversed" mode of life, the temperature 

 was measured on the 10th and 12th day; there was no change in 

 the night curve but a fall in the day curve in the forenoon, corre- 

 sponding with the sleep. In another case experiments were made 

 on a professional night-watch; the jresult was an irregular but not 

 a "reversed" curve. Benedict is himself aware that a complete 



1 ibid. 7, 1897. 



2 ibid. - — 



■' Arch. f. d. gesammte Physiologie, 90, 1902. 



•* The American Journal of Physiology, Vol. XI, 1904. 



