Contribution to the Physiology of Respiration under the Arctic Climate. 87 



reach the tap on the outlet-tube from the sampling-receiver. After 

 placing myself comfortably in my usual position, I began the ex- 

 periment with an inspiration; where halves are noted in the num- 

 ber of respirations, this means that I also ended with an inspiration. 

 The sampling of the respired air began first after 1 to 2 minutes, 

 when the whole of the apparatus had been thoroughly permeated 

 with expired air and after I was quite certain that I had settled 

 down after the change of position. The sampling was concluded 

 about 1 minute before the experiment came to an end, as in the 

 last minute some attention had to be paid to the counting of the 

 respirations and the watch. 



I respired chiefly through the mouth during the experiment, 

 which came quite naturally to me though I was usually accustomed 

 to breathe through the nose. 



As the time from my appointment to the Expedition until set- 

 ting out was short, and the preparations for the voyage many, I 

 was not able to find time and quiet to make the comparable respi- 

 ration experiments beforehand. It has only been since my return 

 that I have obtained the opportunity to make the experiments ne- 

 cessary for controlling the results from Greenland. As my health 

 is now, as before and during the Expedition, invariably good, and 

 my weight is the same as before leaving and my mode of life very 

 much the same, I may assume that respiration experiments before 

 the journey would have given the same results as those I shall now 

 describe. 



The control experiments, which were carried out at the 

 Laboratory of the Finsen Institute, were made in a sitting position 

 but otherwise in the same manner as described above, with the 

 same apparatus in quite a similar arrangement. 



In connection with these control experiments, I have made a 

 series of direct carbonic acid determinations of my al- 

 veolar air according to Haldane's method. The procedure was as 

 follows. I expired through a mouth-piece of glass into a cycle-tube, 

 which, by means of a glass-tube inserted near the mouth-piece and 

 a piece of rubber-tubing, could be connected with a glass-receiver 

 holding ca. 80 cc. The receiver was provided above with a tap with 

 wide bore and ended below in a rubber-tube, the other end of which 

 was in connection with a mercury tank; this could be lifted or 

 lowered and thus fill or empty the receiver. I had two of these 

 receivers and could thus take the two air-samples shortly after one 

 another, without requiring to move except to change the air-tube. 

 Before the sampling began, the mercury was led up right through 

 the tap of the receiver, which was then closed; the mercury tank 



