Contribution to the Physiology of Respiration under the Arctic Climate. 109 



The total volume respired has increased. The average is 

 495 _j_ 51, ^ = 274 or 55 ''/o of the average. Some very great 

 deviations occur in the series, a very low value especially in exper- 

 iment No. 55; calculating the several times mentioned limits, we 

 obtain for the lowest value 4383, which thus affects just the doubt- 

 ful case. As the distance from the limit lies however within the 

 error of calculation, and as the distribution of the deviations is 

 perfectly regular, I do not think it justifiable to exclude this experi- 

 ment. The relatively great variability in this series must certainly 

 be regarded as an expression of the physiological state of the orga- 

 nism during this period, the arctic spring. 



As the total volume respired, in spite of the decreasing frequency, 

 has increased, the depth of the single respirations must have increased 

 to quite a considerable extent. 



The alveolar carbonic acid tension is not very variable, 

 when we except a single large variation in a downward direction 

 and 2 somewhat too high values. Whilst the two latter accompany 

 the two highest barometer readings, the opposite condition does not 

 hold good for the low value; no connection can be noticed in this 

 series between air-pressure and the percentage of carbonic acid. 

 Translating the numbers into mm. of mercury pressure does not 

 alter the appearance of the series. 



The temperature has been very regular, and I have not noted 

 any feeling of cold, though it seems as if the effect of the cold was 

 apparent in the experiments 51 and 55, as all the elements in these 

 are in agreement with group I in the April series. Such a condition 

 would explain the two large, positive deviations, the first of which 

 falls approximately at the calculated limit of the series (+ 2.038 /л). 

 All the experiments must, however, be included in the calculations 

 for the series. The average is 4-11 4= 0-032, /j = 016 or 4*0 '^/o of 

 the average. In mm. mercury pressure the average is 294 ^ 0*24, 

 /Л = Г2 or 41 °/o of the average. 



The three divergent cases mentioned produce a relatively large 

 standard deviation, from which again it follows that a relatively 

 large number of cases deviate less than «. 



The amount of carbonic acid expired shows throughout 

 slightly higher values for the latter half of the series than for the 

 first, yet not so much as to justify a separation into special groups. 

 The high number in experiment No. 54 is certainly due to unusual 

 conditions, as already mentioned; but I am quite unconscious of 

 any special conditions on any of the days. Nor can I explain the 

 few large negative variants; on two days (experiments 49 and 55) 

 I have noted that I was very sleepy during the experiment, but this 



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