150 

 Polygomira, 



New Patents and Mechanical Inveniims. 



[March 1, 



•• Undiilattiiu, 



or 



1 Canadeusis. 



Rhodiola, Rosea. 



He uses tlicni cither in tlie green or 

 dry state. If used green, they give 

 out their qualities more slowly, unless 

 the vegetable principle be destroyed, 

 ^vhich may be done by the application 

 of a moderate heat, by means of steam 

 or warm water. Whether used in the 

 green state, or dried, they ought to be 

 cut, bruised, or ground. They may 

 then be applied to hides and skins pre- 

 pared for tanning in the usual way ; 

 and the mode of tlieir application is 

 by means of an aqueous solution, 

 either hot or cold, the same as that 

 followed by tanners and leather-dres- 

 sers in making leather from each bark, 

 and other well-known vegetable sub- 

 stances. 



The strength of these plants in 

 making the new leather, compared 

 •with English oak-bark, which is used 

 in making the leather in common use, 

 is as follows. 



To make a pound of new leather, 

 take double the weight of the green 

 leaves of the saxifrages that would be 

 required of English oak-bark to make 

 a pound of common leather. The 

 root of the saxifrages is double the 

 strength of the leaves. 



The rheum sibiricura and tartari- 

 cum are equal to the root of the saxi- 

 frages, but the crispum rather weaker. 



The geraniums and polygonums arc 

 about the same in strength as the 

 saxifrage leaves. 



The root of the hcucheras is equal 

 to the root of the saxifrages. And 



The rhodiola rosea is nearly double 

 in strength to the root of the saxi- 

 frages. 



The observations regard the Mcigbt 

 of the plants as taken from the 

 ground : when dried, they lose in 

 •weight about two-thirds, and they lose 

 also a little in strength. The plants 

 ought to be cropped when vegetation 

 in them is slopped. The substances 

 which make the new leather are to be 

 found stronger in some parts of the 

 plants than in others. 



In the second place, and separately 

 in the art of dyeing, as at present prac- 

 tised, a liquor is made from an infu- 

 sion of sumach, or nut-galls, or oak- 

 bark, with water, which is used as a 

 basis mordant preparative, or constitu- 

 ent in dyeing. He has discovered 

 that a now liquor, useful in dyeing, 



may be made, by infusing the plants or 

 herbs in the foregoing list in water, by 

 thesamemodeofmanipulationasthatby 

 which the common liquors above men- 

 tioned are made. This new liquor 

 may be applied to .ill the uses, and in 

 the same manner to and by which the 

 liquors made from sumacii, nut-galls, 

 or oak-bark, are now generally applied 

 by dyers as basis mordants, or pre- 

 paratives as aforesaid. 



To Frederick Mighells Van Hev- 

 THUYSEN, Esq. of Chancery-lane ; for 

 a new Methodof propelUns; Boats, or 

 small Vessels, through Water, and 

 light Carriages over Land. — July 

 23, 1821. 



This invention consists in-the tread- 

 ing, or pulling round, the axletree or 

 spindle, unto which is fixed tlie road- 

 wheels of a carriage, or paddle-wheel 

 of a boat, barge, or other small vessel, 

 when applied to land-carriages. Four 

 arms or more are fixed cross-ways upon 

 the axletree, and so placed, that the 

 heels of the right and left feet may 

 alternately tread them round ; and, 

 consequently, turn the axletree, and 

 propel the road-wheels forward, by 

 which the weight of the body becomes 

 a propelling rotary power. When ap- 

 plied to a boat, barge, or 6ther small 

 vessel, four arms, or perhaps a smaller 

 or greater number, are fixed to a 

 spindle or axletree, for the purpose of 

 treading, or pulling round the axle- 

 tree, as above. The paddle-wheel ou 

 the cuds of the spindle or axletree, 

 which project over the side of a ves- 

 sel, arc six in number; but maybe 

 more or less in number, as occasion 

 may require. 



The principal object of this invention 

 is to do away wilh the expense of 

 horse-labour, and reparation of tho 

 towing-paths or track-roads. It is 

 evident, that oars cannot be used upon 

 canals ; as, from the confined width, 

 the oars have not sufficient space for 

 play, but would be constantly digging 

 into the banks, and causing inevitable 

 injury. With the new method, the 

 machinery projects only twenty inches 

 beyond the sides of the barge ; and the 

 whole apparatus is so light, tiiat it may 

 be taken off at a moment's warning, 

 laid witliin-side the barge, and with 

 the same facility fixed on again, after 

 having passed another barge, or having 

 gone through a lock. It is proposed, 

 that, on passing a lock, one of the men 



shall 



