1823.] Literary and Philosophical Intelligence. 261' 



As a protection against moisture in Of these young persons in the semi- 

 apartments, an invention has been nary, many are from Chio, Lesbos^ 

 tried and found successful, of applying and Naxos. 



to the walls or parts exposed, thin M. de Chomas, of Petersburgh, has 

 sheetsof laminated lead, fastened with obtained from the Great Council of 

 little copper nails which are not liable Russia, a patent for ten years, for a, 

 to rust. They are as thin as those niacliine that will diminish labour in 

 made use of for lining the inside of the making of bricks, and give a more 

 snuff-boxes, and can be made as long regular form to the pieces fabricated, 

 and broad as paper-hangings. It possesses other advantages, lor 

 In Scotland, estimating the popula- making pipes, straight or crooked, 

 tion at 1,804,824 inhabitants, there cornices, shafts of pillars, and other 

 arc (according to Sir John Sinclair,) ornaments of architecture, hollow 

 3,969 real proprietors, whose annual bricks, &c. Worked by three or four 

 income may be rated at 2,500/. each ; men, it can produce daily ten or 

 inferior proprietors 1,097, with incomes twelve thousand bricks, of different 

 from 625Z. to 2,500/. each; of smaller forms. For the sum of a hundred 

 proprietors, with rents under 025/. roubles, foreigners may be put in pos- 

 each, 6,181 ; and of corporation rents session of the process. 

 144. Professor Nevi has been em- 

 It appears, from the Annual Report ployed by the Emperor of Russia t» 

 of the Sunday School Society, that in make researches in the steppes of In- 

 liondonthtre are 362 schools, contain- dependent Tartary, and to examine 

 ing 55,398 scholars, and superintended the course of the Oxus, and the towivs 

 by 4,908 teachers, male and female, of Balk and Sarmacand. The expe- 

 who officiate gratuitously ; and that in dition, it is supposed, will extend as 

 Great liritain and Ireland there are far as the Lake Saisan. 

 at least 700.000 young persons that From the ofhcial statement pub- 

 receive instruction in about 6000 lished by the Synod atSt. Petersburgh, 

 schools, from more than 50,000 it appears that in the year 1820, there 

 teachers, male and female, whose la- were in the whole empire, 



bours are gratuitous. Birtlis — Males 8S!7,7a9 



Among other missionary societies Females 742,670 



which assembled in Loudon last year, 1,570,399 



was one lately formed, the object of -Dca/As-Males 'y,7,6S3 



which is to assist the Moravian mis- Females • 449,997 



sions. These have been established 917,6m 



for more than a century, and consist Excess nf Bhlhs 652 719 



at pre^sent of thirty-one stations among The births were 48,265 more than in 



the Negroes Hotteritots, American the year 1819 ; yet, notwithstanding 



Indians, 1 artars, and Greenlanders. the increase of population, the deaths 



rhe Moravian brethren not bcii.gable ^r^..^ 1429 fewer than in 1819. Tl.e 



to mec^ one-half of the expense, a deaths of male children under five 



number ot other denominations have years of age were 243,029; being 



formed a society to supply the deli- above one-half of the whole. Among 



^ '-' ■ T p .1 n . » ,. . t'lc males who died in the same year, 



Capt Laing, of the Royal African (the ages of the females are not stated,) 



Jjight Infantry, is engaged on a mis- , , . , ^ 



.sionin the Soolima Loosoo country, 807 had attained anageofaboveiOOyears. 



hitherto unvisited by any European. fll 1°' 



RUSSIA. 73 !!!.'!'.!!.'.'!!!!!!.'!."."!'. Ji.^ 



The Greek seminary founded at 41 ,.'..,..'..',...,. ....... ioq 



Petersburgh byCatharine II. in 1775, 14, ........'.'.'.',.. 125 



contains now about 200 young Greek 7 130 



and Albanesc officers, and 25 profes- 4 135 



sors. Not only the military sciences, 1 between I40andl45. 



but the French, Italian, and German, The marriages were 317,805, being 



languages are taught. On the com- 22,470 fewer than in 1819. In St. 



pletion of their studies, each pupil Petersburgh, in 1821, the number of 



may have an ofTiccr's commission, or births was 8504 ; including, however, 



the place of interpreter in the Col- the Catholic, Lutheran, and other 



leges of Petersburgh and Moscow, or communities ; the deaths 9706. 



the option of retiirning to his country. M. HipriNS, a celebrated painter, 



ou 



