144 
Griflith’s ,mvention by furnishing a 
given superficies of heated metal 
tubes, with such a quantity only of 
water as may be converted into steam, 
in an exact proportion (both as to 
quantity and time,) with the expendi- 
ture of the previous supply. Instead, 
therefore, of an immense volume of 
water, from which steam might be 
generated, as in common boilers, an 
assemblage of tubes (whose diameters 
vary from 14 to 3 inches) is scientifi- 
cally connected together, the lower 
range of which is supplied with the 
requisite quantity of water by injecting 
pumps connected with a reservoir des- 
tined to serve for at least eight hours, 
and placed before the mechanism, be- 
tween the perches. The steam, ge- 
nerated through the extended cavity 
of these tubes, is conveyed into two 
cylinders, the pistons of which are con- 
nected with beams and connecting 
rods, To the lower ends of the latter 
are attached the cranks, which cranks 
are again connected by means of a 
novel modification of an universal 
joint to the driving-wheels, firmly 
fixed to the interior part of the car- 
riage-common-wheels, and these last 
are thus propelled as required. 
2ndly. The Artzberger connecting the 
crank with the driving wheels. 
This very ingenious contrivance is 
ihe invention of Mr. John Artzberger, 
professor of mechanics in the Imperial 
Polytechnic Institute of Vienna, and 
has been so named by Mr. Griffith in 
honour of his friend, 
It is the play of these united pieces, 
added to the balancing movement 
allowed bythe suspension of the whole, 
that prevents injury to the mechanism 
from any shock to which the carriage 
may be subjected; it is also the 
Avtzberger which permits one hind 
wheel to make (as in turning) a larger 
segment of a cirele than the other, and 
effects without difficulty the retrograde 
movement of the carriage ; objects of 
sufficient importance to authorize the 
denomination by which Mr. Griffith, 
in his honest acknowledgment of the 
inventor, has thought proper to distin- 
guish it. 
The velocity with which the carriage 
may be made to move, depends upon 
the quantity of steam conducted into 
_ the cylinders, above and below the 
pistons, whose alternate movements 
prevent the necessity of a fly-wheel, as 
in other steam-engines ; and the quan- 
New Patents and Mechanical Inventions. 
“[Sept. 1, 
tity of steam is regulated with the ut- 
most facility, by means of a regulating 
cock, controlled by the person who 
directs the engine. 
When power is required, and velo- 
city can be dispensed with, as in 
going up-hill; a pinion, of five inches 
diameter, is inserted into the teeth of 
a driving-wheel, whose diameter is 
twenty-five inches ; the strokes of the 
pistons being calculated at sixty per 
minute, and the rotation of the driving- 
wheel being effected by five strokes of 
the piston, the carriage-wheel, whose 
circumference is fifteen feet, making 
one-fifth of its revolution in the same 
time, the carriage will therefore pro- 
ceed up-hill at the rate of rather more 
than two miles per hour. 
Where power may be dispensed 
with, and velocity increased, as on 
level roads, a wheel of ten inches dia- 
meter is made to work in a driving- 
wheel, whose diameter is twenty 
inches, the number of strokes of the 
pistons being the same, it is evident 
that thirty revolutions of the carriage- 
wheel will take place, and that the 
progress of the carriage, upon tolera- 
bly even roads, will be 54; miles per 
hour, viz. 60 x 48—=30 x by 15.7 the 
circumference of the carriage-wheel= 
471 feet per minute=28260 feet per 
hour, or 9420 yards=5, miles per 
hour. 
The simplicity with which these 
wheels are put in and out of geer is 
admirable, and can be effected almost 
instantaneously. 
3dly. The mode of stopping the car- 
riage in cases of descent, or danger, inde- 
pendantly of doing so by preventing the 
supply of steam. 
This object is of the utmost im- 
portance, where, from the impetus 
given to the carriage going down hill, 
its motion may continue dangerously 
accelerated, even though the propel- 
ling power of the steam-engine may 
be withheld ; and it is provided for by 
an admirable modification of a ma- 
chine, known in Germany by the name 
of premse, answering, insome respects, 
to the English technical term, a break, 
by a mechanical pressure being made 
upon the front part of the felly, or rim, 
of the hind wheels, their motion may 
be simultaneously, or, to prevent any 
injury from a too violent shock, may 
be gradually arrested. 
dthly. The suspension of the whole ap- 
paraius, so thai the operations of the 
_ steame= . 
