148 
at the Conquest, according to Pennant) 
‘is a range of-high uncultivated land in 
Flintshire, the mineral property of the 
right honourable Karl Grosvenor. On 
the inland side it rans-parallel to the 
boundary hills of the vale of Clwyd; 
and on the north-east stretches from 
Holywell for about four miles till 
nearly ®pposite Northop, in an angle 
of about twelve degrees with the river 
Dee, and averages about a mile in 
breadth. 
In order to prove the Halkin buhrs, 
the discoverers had some made into 
mill-stones, which they set up ina 
neighbouring mill in. the borough of 
Flint; some were had by a mill- 
wright, and afterwards sent to a mill 
at. Dunham-o’-th’-Hill, mixed with 
French buhrs; and one large buhr was 
shaped into a millstone, and put up 
ata millat Ysceifiog. They ave now 
able to adduce proofs that the Halkin 
buhrs are fully equal to the French, 
and in some eases are declared to be 
superior to them, 
ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. 
Mr. Babbage has read a paper to the 
society relative to a new invention. in 
machinery, by which not only the usual 
logarithms, but also various other ma- 
thematical and astronomical tables 
might be formed, and the types thereof 
set up, without the possibility of an 
error throughout the whole process. 
This discovery we consider as one of 
the finest in modern times; and (like 
British Legislation, 
[Sept. 1, 
the invention of the steam-engine in its 
application to the arts) it bids fair to 
open a new era in science. ‘The ob- 
ject, which Mr. Babbage had first im 
view, was to form an engine which 
should express any series of numbers 
whose. first, second, third, &c. differ- 
cnees were equal to 0: and which he 
has completely effected. To those 
who are acquainted with the method 
of differences, it will be evident that 
such series would embrace not only the 
common logarithms of numbers, the 
logarithms of sines, tangents, &c.; but 
likewise the natural sines, tangents, 
&c. whence its application to the for- 
mation of astronomical tables may be 
readily conceived, But, in the pursuit 
of this inquiry, Mr. Babbage found that 
many new views of the subject arose ; 
and that the engine was not confined 
to the expression of series whose ulti- 
mate differences were constant: but 
that it would form tables, not depend- 
ent on that law, and whose differences: 
could not be denoted by any analytical 
expression. 2 
The engine is very simple in its con- 
struction, and may be put in motion 
by achild. Mr. Babbage, (says the 
editor of the Phil. Mag.) composed in 
our presence a long series of square 
numbers ; and likewise the first forty 
terms of the series of numbers depend- 
ing on the formula (a?--a--41); all of 
which are primes, and which were 
formed as expeditiously as a person 
could write them down. 
BRITISH LEGISLATION. 
ACTS PASSED in the THIRD YEAR of the REIGN of GEORGE THE FOURTH, or in the 
THIRD SESSION of the SEVENTH PARLIAMENT of the UNITED KINGDOM. 
a 
AP. XVII. For converting Annui- 
ties and Debentures of Five Pounds 
per Centum fe Annum, payable at the 
Bank of Ireland, into new Annuities of 
Four Pounds per Centum per Annum.— 
April 3, 1822. 
Cap. XVIII. To repeal the Excise 
Duty on Malt charged Ly an Act made 
in the Second Year of his present 
Majesty, to allow the said Duty on Malt 
in Stock, and to make Regulations for 
better securing the Duties on Malt.— 
April 3. 
Cap. XIX. To enable Two or more 
of the Commissioners for executing the 
Office of Lord High Admiral of the 
United Kingdom of Great Brita and 
Treland, when the Number of such Com- 
misstoners is less than Six, to do certain 
Acts heretofore done by Three or more of 
the same Commissioners.—April 3. 
Cap. XX. For fixing the Rates of 
Subsistence to be paid to Innkeepers 
and others on quartering Soldiers.— 
May 15. 
Allowances for the diet of non-commis- 
sioned officers and soldiers, ts. per day.— 
Allowance of one halfpenny per diem, in 
lieu of diet and small-beer.— For horses 
quartered 10d. per day to be paid for hay 
and straw.—Persons paying money to non- 
commissioned officers or soldiers on the 
march in lieu of furnishing diet and small 
beer, liable to be fined.— When halted on 
a march, non-commissioned officers and 
soldiers entitled to diet and small beer as 
after arriving at their destination; and, if 
such 
