1822.] 
out of the sea-sand can only be de- 
rived from the land, in the ordinary 
way in which springs percolate, and 
descend towards their lowest vent or 
outlet, which is the ocean, unless 
where they are sooner intercepted and 
thrown out on the surface, by water- 
tight strata or masses of matter. I 
know several instances wherein pow- 
erful springs of fresh water break up 
about the low-water line, from open 
rocks, which extend. inland, but are 
buried under clayey strata or alluvia 
on the beach. 
Capt. L. seems to be aware that 
palm-trees, equally with others, require 
a supply of fresh water for their sup- 
rt; and such supply they undoubted- 
Set have from the land-springs, in 
the manner I have been pointing out, 
and not by any mysterious action which 
their roots can exercise on the sea- 
water, as he assumes. ; 
1 beg to take the present opportunit 
of thanking the gentleman, an Occa- 
sional Reader, of your August number, 
for his information, that one or more 
artificial fountains of water have been 
obtained at Whitstable, in Kent, by 
means of boring; and to avail myself 
of his hint, by thus respectfully re- 
questing of the Rev. Mr. Platoff, or of 
any other ingenious person of that 
place or its neighbourhood, informa- 
tion on the following points, viz. Ist, 
The depth from the surface, or thick- 
ness of dry loam, sand, or gravel? 2d. 
The thickness (if any) of wet sand or 
gravel, or of heterogeneous stoney soil, 
charged with land springs? 3d. The 
thickness (if any) of laminated or un- 
disturbed blue or brownish clay, and 
whether any layers of clay-balls or 
cement stones were found therein? 
4th. Of sand or loam (if any), and if 
mixed with small black spheroidally 
flattened nodules or pebbles of chert, 
‘or dark-coloured imperfect. flint? 
5th. Of soft red, or red and white mot- 
tled:clay? 6th. Of sand, &c.? And 
7th. Of chalk, with layers of black 
flints?—in case the boring here should 
have proceeded so far into the stratifi- 
eation, as sometimes happens in the 
vale of the Thames. 
Besides which, it would be very de- 
sirable to learn,—S8th. At what depth 
from the surface the auger tapped the 
pent or rising spring? 9th. Has it 
since overflowed at the surface, or how 
much above it, or to what. height 
does the water stationary rise in the 
bore-hole? 10th. What was the dia. 
Mr. Farey on Procuring Water by Boring, &¢. 
203 
meter of the auger used?. 11th, What 
was the total cost of the boring, in- 
cluding the use of tools; and the name 
and residence of the operator? 12th. 
What kind, length, diameter, and 
thickness of pipe has been inserted 
into the bore-hole, to preserve the wa- 
ter’s passage; and its cost? 13th. Has 
any column or other erection been 
made over the bore-hole ; its nature 
and cost? 
In case of a well having been sunk 
part of the way down, (as has been 
usual in and near London), it will be 
desirable to learn,—1l4th. Its depth, 
with its sinking particulars, (as above, 
queries 1 to 7,) and those of the bore- 
hole below it? And further, or 15th. 
How many ale gallons overflow per 
minute or hour, or can be drawn or 
pumped from the well, without lower- 
ing its surface? And lastly, or 16th. | 
Is the supply constant the year round, 
or in what proportion has it fallen off 
in the dryest season? 
Respecting any modern wells or 
bore-holes, especially deep and suc- 
cessful ones, similarly full particulars 
should by all means be taken and pre- 
served by the curious persons of the 
vicinity; and such being communi- 
cated and published in your pages, or, 
if more agreeable, sent to the writer 
to be preserved in his collection (not 
a small one) of similar documents, the 
useful art, whereby supplies of good 
water are, artificially procurable, could 
‘not fail of being improved and ad- 
vanced. . JouN Farey, 
Sept. 9, 1822, _ Mineral Surveyor. 
‘Howland-street, Fitzroy-square. 
(jhe as 
For the Monthly Magazine. 
ANTIQUITIES and PRESENT STATE of LAM- 
BETH, VAUXHALL, and KENNINGTON. 
T is surprising that Mr. Washing- 
ton Irving, who recently evinced 
such ardor in exploring the scene of 
Falstaff’s jollities at the Boar’s-head 
Tavern, Eastcheap, did net extend 
his researches to the parish of Lam- 
beth. No part of the metropolis affords 
so many interesting recollections of 
royalty, aristocracy, and revelry ; and 
these, adorned by the pen of the Ame- 
rican Addison, might have made a 
valuable addition to the entertain. 
ment of the ‘ Sketch Book.” It 
is here the enquirer after the ‘‘ olden 
time” in Lambeth encounters many 
mortifying disappointments. Of se- 
veral erections enon dignified 
by the rank of the occupants, or 
4 the 
