1822.] 
twenty sail in 1735; and, in the course 
of a few years more, they amounted to 
120 sail, of from fifty to sixty and se- 
venty tons, valued at 100,000/. em- 
ploying 1200 men, with 500 appren- 
tices, for the supply of the London 
market alone. In 1789, the smacks 
increased to 150,—eighteen of which 
belonged exclusively to Gravesend ; 
and indeed, as the fresh water would 
kill their fish, none proceeded higher 
up than Gravesend. In 1809 the 
number exceeded 200 sail, with a pro- 
portionate increase of tonnage. Of 
these about thirty appertain to Graves- 
end owners, and fifty to the people of 
Barking. Cod and ling are found in 
the deep water of Doggerbank, while 
a smaller cod and haddocks are caught 
on the well-bank, where the water is 
shallower. 'The vessels are provided 
with wells; and, on taking the fish 
from them, they are knocked on the 
head, and killed by truncheons. 
In 1796, the smacks formerly em- 
ployed in the German Ocean found a 
fishery to the northward of Scotland ; 
but in 1808 and 1809, on account of 
the war with Denmark, they frequent- 
ed every bay in North Britain. 
THE ANCIENT ENGLISH CHURCH. 
fetore the Reformation, one-third 
of the best benefices were appropriated 
to abbeys; 190 were dissolved by 
Henry the Eighth, the rental of which 
Was 2,653,000/. part of which went to 
Rome. There were 3845 impropria- 
tions in England ; and there are 8803 
fowns in England and Wales. 
POMFRET CASTLE. 
Pomfret Castle, now a ruin, was the 
last fortress in the north of England 
that surrendered to the Parliament’s 
forces, having been besieged and de- 
stroyed by General Lambert. 
“ Midst the wide flames that civil discord 
spread, 
Where by base acts the royal martyr bled, 
Still yal Pomfret spurn’d the tyrant’s 
te ; 
Last in these northern climes that scorn’d 
to pay 
A servile homage to his lawless sway, 
And in inglorious ease survive their mo- 
narch’s fate.” 
OFFICERS OF THE GUARDS. 
Lord North was considered as a 
great man in the opinion of many; but 
can we coincide with him, as a wise 
and profound speculator, when he de- 
clared once in the House of Commons, 
speaking of the officers of the guards, 
that “they had nothing to do byt 
Montuiy Mac. No, 373. 
Stephensiana, No. XII. 
233 
walk in the Park, kiss the nursery- 
maids, and drink the children’s milk.” 
FANATICS. 
Richard Brothers, the prophet; and 
Wright and Bryan, two fanatics ; the 
former a carpenter at Leeds, the latter 
a journeyman copper-plate printer, 
in 1789 repaired to Avignon, in order 
to form a society of prophets: these 
men became the friends and coadju- 
tors of Richard Brothers. One of 
them, however, had doubts, and he 
went to sce Brothers, prepared with a 
knife; so that, if any doubts of his 
apostolic mission should arise, he 
might deliver such a message from 
the Lord as Eliud carried to King 
Eglon. Thenew King of the Hebrews 
had not so much as a single Jewish 
historian. Mr. Sharpe became one of 
his disciples, and beneath a well-en- 
graved portrait placed the following 
words :—“ Fully believing this to be the 
man whom God hath appointed, I en- 
grave his likeness. W.S.’—Brothers 
wrote letters to the King, and to all 
the members of both Houses of Parlia- 
ment, announcing his intention of 
speedily setting out for Jerusalem. 
Some of his disciples actually shut up 
their shops, and many repaired to 
London to join him. Before his de- 
parture, he was to prove the truth of 
his mission by a public miracle, and 
said he would throw down his stick 
in the Strand at noon-day, which, like 
the wand of Moses, would be converted 
into a serpent. In a like strain he 
threatened London with an earth- 
quake. 
NAUTICAL BREEDING. 
When the late Duke of York (bro- 
ther to George ILI.) went on board 
Lord Howe’s ship, as a midshipman, 
the different captains in the fleet. at- 
tended, to pay him their respects, on 
the quarter-deck. He seemed not to 
know what it was to be subordinate, or 
to feel the necessity of moderation in 
the display of that superiority which 
would naturally result from his high 
rank. He received them with some 
hauteur, which a sailor on the fore- 
castle observing, alter expressing his 
astonishment at the Duke’s keeping 
his hat on, he told one of his mess- 
mates, that “the thing was not in its 
sphere,” adding, “ It is no wonder he 
does not know manners, as he was ne- 
ver at sea before.” 
D’ALEMBERT. 
This great philosopher made consi- 
derable advances in his researches 
Wh into 
