510 
favour of Catholicism could not produce 
the same’ evil effects in Spain, owhere 
there are’no sects to disturb religion, or 
distract the opezations of government. as 
in othercountries; so that the law, which 
tolerates only one form of worship, does 
no violence to any other. Several en- 
hghtened Snaniards have assured me, 
that without the intolerant article in 
which the framers of the Constitution 
were obliged, in conformity with popular 
prejudice, to designate the national re- 
ligionas la wniew verdadera! it would 
have been utterly impossible to have made 
the new code palatable; tosuch a lament- 
able degree does long-continued, op- 
pression degrade the mind, making sla- 
very as it were necessary to existence. 
The above assurance has always been 
accompanied by the remark, that the 
other parts of the Code are abundantly 
calculated to’ remove every trace of in- 
tolerance. 
COLONIES. 
While at Madrid, [ gave my friend M. 
de Mora the two volumes edited by the 
learned and philosophic Dumont, on 
rewards and punishments; (Hssa/ sur 
les Peines et Recompenses) with a par- 
ticular request that he would lose no time 
in making the chapter on Colonies known 
to his countrymen; but the Cortes ought 
not to have required the aid of Mr. Ben- 
tham’s unanswerable reasoning, to prove 
the necessity of following the maxims 
laid down in that beautiful chapter: they 
had only to look nearer home fora still 
more powerful monitor, and see France 
more rich and: happy, in being relieved 
from a number of expensive establish- 
ments, which in furnishing additional 
means of corruption to her rulers, swept 
off thousands of her sons annually ; hap- 
pier in having diminished the mass of 
guilt, inseparable from those who make a 
trade of human flesh, seeking to increase 
their wealth by human suffering. 
THE CHURCH. 
The number of monks of all colours 
and denominations, barefooted and bare- 
headed, with their attendants, at the pe- 
riod of Spain's recent hberation, was little 
less than 90,000; while the secular clergy, 
including the various dignitaries and at- 
tendants, exceeded 80,000; independent 
of 5000 nuns. According to an estimate 
by Cabarrus, presented to Joseph Bona- 
parte in 1809, the clergy possessed a 
fourth of the whole capital of the king- 
dom, while their annual revenue amounted 
to 750,000,000 of reals; that is to say, 
as much as it costs to support the army 
and navy, diplomatic agents, administra- 
Blaquiere’s Spain and Spanish Revolution. 
tion of, justice, and collection of the re+ 
venue! But,there were various, and very 
considerable benefits arising, from dona= 
tions, legacies, and, what, the. mendicant 
orders collect, which.are not included in 
the above sum, The eftect of celibacy 
on the population may be conceived, 
when it is added, that above one hundred 
and twenty thousand individuals of both 
sexes are at this moment interdicted from 
marriage. 
THE, TRAPPH, 
The following address was circulated 
through Catalonia,in the early.part of 
May, by a monk of La Trappe, named 
Antonio Maranon, whose biography is 
shortly as follows:—Having, been ap- 
pointed a lieutenant of the regiment. of 
Murcia, in 1817, he was entrusted with 
asum of money which belonged to the 
battalion, and having lost it. at play, de- 
serted to avoid the conseqnences,, Be- 
coming a Jyrappiste soon after, be ap- 
peared to conform to all the outward 
austerities of the brotherhood, till its sup- 
pression of the late Cortes, Our hero 
then sought an asylum north of the Py- 
renees; his reception there was not. less 
cordial than that of all the bigots and 
knaves who had preceded him, When a 
plan of future operations was, settled, 
Brother Antonio set out, supplied with 
the principal materiel of war—gold,— 
and crossing the frontier near Jaca, was 
seen to enter Reus in April, having. two 
mules, well laden, in his suite, Nothing 
more was heard of the reverend father, 
until his proclamation was seized, and 
himself put to flight, together with his 
deluded followers, about two hundred 
peasants, by a small party of national 
militia, This took place at the end of 
June. 
“PROCLAMATION, 
“Soldiers and Children. in Jesus 
Christ! é 
“By theaid of the Lord, you have 
just gained a degree of glory equal to 
that which your ancestors and forefathers 
acquired over the impious Moors, in 
favour.of our holy religion. The bells of 
the temple of the Lord have called forth 
your valour and Jove for the triumph of 
the faith. Ye have taken up arms, and 
God ‘will protect your salutary intentions. 
Ye have begun these glorious feats for 
exterminating the troops of the line, 
militia, and Constitutionalists; continue 
therefore, in your firm will and resolution, 
and you are more than a match for these 
perverse wretches; or rather, you will 
imitate your fathers, who elevated the 
cross on the Spanish soil, which you: 
worthily 
