Lowe on the State of England. 61 
The republic of Holland and the classic 
authors taught principles of liberty to 
the English, and hence our long parlia- 
ment and limited monarchy. We have 
seattered them over Europe, and even the 
leaders of the French Revolntion received 
their political education in England. The 
Mirabeaus, Tressots, Barreres, and Vol- 
taires of France, taught their social rights 
to all mankind. The usurpers of those 
rights of course resist, and have for a 
season divided and baftled the friends of 
liberty; but this war between rights and 
usurpations will, and must continue, either 
till every European nation enjoys a repre- 
sentative constitution, or till every being 
deserving the name of man has emigrated 
to America, leaving Europe in the condi- 
tion of the Provinces of Turkey, with a 
debased and enfeebled population, holding 
their lives and properties at the mercy of 
Pachas, or by whatever other name their 
masters may be called. 
If the issue of this contest should be the 
regeneration of the nations of Europe, then 
we advise them, to unite in building a wall 
and line of fortresses; from the Baltic to 
the’ Euxine, to shut out the untameable 
NorTHERN HIVE. 
The alternative now is, Public Freedom, 
by means of Representative Governments, 
equal Rights, and the Liberty of the Press, 
or the Inquisition, forced tribute, Turk- 
ish Pachas, and a renewed night of social 
depression and gloomy superstition. The 
ascendancy of TRUTH and JUSTICE, or the 
domination of KNAVEs in the name of 
FOOLS. 
Spaniards, Portuguese and Greeks, do 
your duty,—the good wishes of the most 
worthy of your species attend your exer- 
tions, and the result cannot be doubted. 
But if despots should unfortunately 
triumph, let them enjoy it only in un- 
peopled deserts, and among their pur- 
chased slaves. 
Geo 
THE 
PRESENT STATE - 
, OF 
ENGLAND 
IN REGARD TO ¥ 
AGRICULTURE; ‘TRADE, AND FINANCE? » 
WITH 
A COMPARISON 
Or THE 
PROSPECTS OF ENGLAND. §, FRANCE. 
BY JOSEPH LOWE, ESQ. 
[The Author of this volume proves himself 
anoriginalthinker and a careful collector 
of facts, as premises, from which just 
deductions can be drawn. In noticing 
the present distresses, he glances at the 
drain of currency from the country to 
London; but fails to describe it as the 
immediate and proximate cause of the 
fall in the local markets. This defect 
in tracing a great effect to its natural 
cause, leads to the distortion of his 
reasoning on many minor points. Ne- 
vertheless, Mr. Lowe’s book is one of 
the ablest which we have seen on the 
policy, economy, and state of this 
empire, and we, therefore, feel it our 
duty to submit some extracts from it to 
our readers. We make no use of Mr. 
Lowe’s historical pages, because he is 
perverse enough to ascribe the rupture 
of the Treaty of Amiens to Napoleon, 
who, it is notorious, simply demanded 
that its conditions should be fulfilled in 
regard to Malta. We are now suffering 
the consequences of our injustice. | 
OUR EXPENDITURE DURING THE 
LATE WAR. 
iw the early years of this memorable 
contest, ministers were almost as 
little aware as the public of the extent to 
which the national contributions could 
be carried, and the increase of our ex- 
penaiture was, consequently, gradual. 
Taking the total money raised by loans 
and taxes, but deducting from it 
18,000,000/. annually, as the probable 
expenditure of Great Britain and Ireland, 
had peace been preserved, we find the 
following result :— 
Sums annually raised for the Var of 1793. 
1793 é £ 4,000,000. | 
1794 i 10,000,000 
1795 i 18,000,000 
1796 : 26,000,000 
1797 f 35,000,000 
1798 ( 29,000,000 
1799 ; 36,000,000 
1800 36,000,000 
1801 45,000,000 
1802 44,000,000 
These 
