620 
Brought forward£179,300,000 168,000,000 
_ Slye'of the por-». 
tion already in-., - 
: cluded’. under 
- trades.and ,pro- 
fessions ;, « esti- 
mated * conjec~, 
38,000,000; 16,000,000 
turally.atioee 
Total for Great ;-—— we 
Britain)... ./ 804,000,000. 230,000,000 
Ireland, conjec- 
tural amount. of 
her, taxable in- 
come |, ->. 35,000,600 . 25,000,000 
Total « £339,000,000 255,000,000 
MR. PITT. 
That, Mr.-Pitt was at first averse from 
the war with France, is apparent from 
several ‘circumstances, as well from the 
declaration of respectable writers, as 
fromthe undeniable fact, that a state of 
war was altogether contrary to his plans 
forthe reduction of our public burdens. 
That, after the campaign of 1794 had 
disclosed. the weakness of our allies, and 
the strength of France, he lamented our 
involving ourselves in the contest, there 
seems, little reason to doubt: but when 
fairly engaged in it, when the resources 
of the country were ealled into full acti- 
vity, it accorded. with his bold and confi- 
dent character, to maintain the struggle, 
in the hope of recovering the Nether- 
lands so, unfortunately lost. Hence a 
continuance of the contest after the 
defection of our allies and the financial 
difficulties of 1797; hence those war 
taxes, which no other minister would 
have ventured to propose, and certainly 
none other would have succeeded in 
raising ; hence also our second attack on 
France bythe coalition of 1799. But 
Mr.. Pitt's. perseverance’ was not blind 
persistency ; ona renewed experience of 
the,weakness of our allies, on a proof of 
the sufferings of the country from heavy 
taxation and. decfiient harvests, he felt 
the expediency. of peace, retired from 
office. to facilitate its conclusion, and 
gave it when not responsible for its con- 
ditions, a sanction unequivocal and sin- 
cere, His ardour in: 1803 for the recom- 
mencementjof war, admits of a less satis- 
factory, solution ;. it . discovered, much 
more the zeal, of a combatant, than the 
~discretion of a senator; a disposition. to 
sink. the admonitory recollections of our 
late struggle in ardour for a new contest. 
He warned us once'in parliament of the 
-magnitude of the. expense, and of the 
necessity of preparing ourselves for sacri- 
Lowe on, the State of. England. 
fices greater than before: but his caution 
-jwas general and: ‘cursory; unaccompanied 
by any private: admonition’ to: the: inex- 
pevienced. ministry “of sthe day,‘ or any 
advice to delay hostilities; untib-an assa- 
rance of: co-operation from ‘the great 
powers of'the continent. His Jast) great 
measure, the attack:on France by the co- 
alition of 1805, was, doubtless, onuthe 
whole,» injudicious, © preponderant: »as 
France then:was in» militaryystrength, the 
whole under the guidaticevcof a single 
head. Mr, Pitt fell:here into a miscalen- 
lation, by 20° means uncommon: with 
men of ability; thatoof anticipating a 
judicious course on the:part/of his coad- 
jutors. Every impartial man, however, 
must allow that it would have been ‘car- 
rying mistrust to an extreme, to-antici- 
pate the commission of faults so gross as 
those which led to the disasters.of Ulm 
and Austerlitz. And those. who are sur- 
prised that a man of talent;should mis- 
place his confidence, should calculate on 
others acting with the discrimination 
natural to himself, will be at novloss to 
find similar examples in the conduct of 
the most eminent men of the age: ‘in 
that of Lord Wellington, »when he: ex- 
pected discretion from Blucher; and «in 
that of Buonaparte, when he allowed the 
command in Spain to remain inthe 
hands of Jourdan, or when, ata subse- 
quent date, he committed that: of bis 
main body at Waterloo to Ney.» (97s 
OUR CORN TRADR. “> - 7 
The interference of our legislature with 
the export of corn dates from a very remote 
era; but our notice shall commence from 
the reign of Elizabeth, a reign, which, in 
its early years, exbibited-corn at as low a 
price as at any period of. our history, but 
became in its progress as remarkable for 
enhancement as the reign of George III. 
England was in those days, a corn-ex- 
porting country, if the-name of export 
can be said to belong toa surplus pro« 
duce hardly greater than that: ofa single 
county in the present age. In. the begin= 
ning of the reign of Elizabeth (1562), 
export was, permitted by-act’ of: parlia- 
ment, whenever our prices ‘fell:to ‘10s. 
the. quarter for wheat, and. 6s. 8d.) for 
barley and malty. prices remarkably low, 
when. we. consider that our com was:of 
the same metallic value as at-present., At 
this rate, however, they did not long 
continue; a considerable rise took place 
before 1570; and in 1593 the export 
limit was extended by act of parliament 
to 20s. for the quarter of wheat, and 12s. 
for barley and malt. 
4 .» This 
