1821.} General Summary oj Mr. Owen's Plans. 123 



For the Monthly Magazine. Mr. Owen proceeds upon the simple 



CEN|RAL SUMMARY of MR. owen's principle, fliat " Ihc Character of cvery 



VLXKS, for the PERMANENT RELIEF of individual is formed for him and not by 



<Ae WORKING CLASSES. him:" this enables him to calculate 



IN the centre of from 600 to 1200 ^vith certainty the effect of circum- 



acres of land, it is proposed to stances, and produces in every one 



erect a larjye square, capable of ac- who admits it undissembled charity to 



commodating about 1200 persons, men, all men. That the establishment will 



women, and chiidreti. To give both pay its expenses will be evident from 



children and adults the best education, the following calculations, 



consisting of the introduction of every Tiie buildings have been accurately 



circumstance favourable to the forma- designed, working drawings for the 



tion of good character, and the exciu- builders prepared, and every expense 



sion of \vhalever might be productive attending their ereclion has been esti- 



of a contrary result; the whole founded mated with gieat care, at the present 



upon a system of instruction combined cost of materials and labour in the city 



with amusement, and conducted with of Glasgow, being the nearest exten- 



sucli undeviating kindness, as to su- sive market for these articles to the 



persede the necessity of cither reward proposed establishment, and ten per 



or punishment. cent, on the whole has been added for 



Each person, according to liis ability, contingencies, 



to labour for the good of the whole. The cost of these erections has £ 



ilieir employment being directed by an been foiuid to be about 34,260 



economical arrangement, which shall To which add, for fiirnisbing the 



combine their interests, unite their apartments, &c. of 300 famihes 3,600 



exertions, provide for the beneficial Fitting tipsclioolroom, and places 



introduction of scientific improve- of worship for dissenters .... 300 



ments, and diminisli expenditure ; from J^!''" F"'"''^'> f ''^ 



which will inevitably result comforta- ^'"^ 'nhrmary 200 



I, 1 ■ . , •' I c 1 Ditto lecture-room 240 



b!e subsistence and surplus of produc- r»:,.„ ,„„ c.ui 



-• ^ xi 1 ■ II uiiio inn •• • -. puw 



tions; Irom the abundance and low Ditto library 500 



costof which, there will be no difiicul- 



ties in either exchanging or disposing Making the entire cost about- -^40,000 



of them : tlie proceeds will be applied 



to the payment of rent, interost, taxes. Interest of 4o,OOoZ 2,000 



and expenses of the establishment — to Rent of land 1,500 



the return of the capital originally in- Farming stock, &c. 750 



vested— and to provide for the probable Clotliing, &c. 300 taniiUes at 20/. 6,t'00 



increase of the establishment. 'I'^^^es and contmgencies 500 



A community on this plan is pro- T" 



posed to be established at .Motherwell, -±10^ 



near New Lanark, under Uic immedi- xt • ^i i • i *• c 



.,«^ ;.,,.„„ f i»T c\ rri. r I Now, in the working population of 



ate inspection ol Mr. Owen, The funds ,~„„ • j- -j i «i " f J' x- „ 



„„„„. *^ • ■ V 1 c 1200 individuals, there appears, trom 



necessary are now raising by loans of ., . * i . ii * i 



o=/ o» I ... „ I «i I * „+ the most accurate data that can be 



25/. and upwards, at legal interest. attained an avera-e of 



The success of the plan depends ^"^'"^^'^I'Y^'/feS'f 



npon the harmony of the inhabitants, 248 individuals, under lo years of age. 



and their being able to pay the ex- 178 ditto ditto from 10 to i5. " 



penses of the establishment. The bar- 7i'j ditto ditto from 15 to CO, 



uionj of the community will be secured 55 ditto ditto from 6o and upwards, 



liy the sy.stcin of education, and by its In t'le following (;alculation, the 



being so clearly the interest of all to labour of the 248 children, under ten 



live harmoniously; nor is there any years of age, is not taken into account, 



reason why men should be less inclined nor the labour of thirty-two individuals 



lo unite lor their own interest, than employed in various domestic purposes 



Ihey are fur the inlcrcsl of a master. and superintendence, nor of thirty-five 



'I'liesystemof education has already «ho are supposed to be at all times 



l</;eii proved to be elBcacions by the ineffective, eithpr from indisposition or 



extensive exj)eriincnt at New Lanark ; other causps. 



Ilic thousands of visitors to that spot '1 he annual value of the labour of 



l)ear ample testimony to the happiiics.s the community will then be as fol- 



4.1iat reigns there. In all his plans, lows:— 



IC^individuali 



