1824.] Account of a Journey acroh 



The whole siiooess of the plan will 

 depend on particularly observing ILe 

 pupas of tiie insect, and burying tliem 

 under the furrow. 



Land plonghcd or raftered before the 

 winter sets iu, and thereby bringing the 

 ovum or egg near to the surface, will 

 stand a chance of having many of the 

 insects destroyed if the frost be severe ; 

 but, from the glutinous nature of the 

 eggs, it appears they are capable of 

 resisting, in a great degree, the effect of 

 irost. 



Many farmers, without knowing the 

 real cause, raise a good croj) of turnips, 

 by giving their land, as they call it, one 

 more plougiiing than necessary; and, if 

 they chance to do this when the pupa of 

 the fly is coming to maturity, and bury- 

 ing them under the cartli, they succeed ; 

 but it is by mere chance, and without 

 their being aware of the real cause. A 

 farmer, near to the one who by chance 

 succeeds, pursues the same plan, and 

 fails, owing to his ploughing the land 

 again too late or too early. 



It must be observed, that, after all 

 the care taken in regard to destroy- 

 ing the fly, or preventing its arriving 

 to maturity, a propitious season and 

 kindly showers are essentially necessary 

 to the production of a good crop of 

 turnips. 



This method being altogether novel, 

 and diflcrent from any other held out, it 

 is hoped, as the practicability of it is easy, 

 that the agriculturists will embrace the 

 opportunity of trying it during the ensu- 

 ing season, as there is every reason to 

 believe, from the number of ova or 

 eggs of the fly observed in the earth, 

 that they will this year be unusually 

 numerous. 



This method can be carried into effect 

 without any additional expense or 

 trouble; and, should its results give 

 satisfaction, of which there is no doubt, 

 and being now made public for the 

 general good, the discover will leave it 

 to the generosity of th« agriculturists for 

 any remuneration they may think him 

 entitled to. 



February 12, 1824. 



For the Monthly Magazine. 



ACCOUNT of a JOURNEY ACItOSS the 

 ISLAND of NEWFOUNDLAND, by W. 1i. 

 COKMACK, ESQ. in a LETTER AD- 

 DRESSED to EARL BATHURST, and 

 PRINTED in BREWSTER'S JOURNAL. 



IN the beginning of September 1822, 

 I left Smith's Sound, ut Uandoni 

 Islaiid, accovipnuied only by one 



the Island of Newfoundland. 299 



Miemao Indian ; and, attended by 

 two of tliut tribe, reached St. George's 

 Harbour in the beginning of November. 

 I encountered more impediments irs 

 accomplishing the undertaking than 

 were contemplated at setting out. 

 These chiefly arose from having to vralk 

 round numerous lakes, which, in the 

 eastern division of the island, are gene- 

 rally surrounded with wood ; and from 

 the ground being covered with snow, to 

 a considerable depth, after the 15th of 

 October. 



The first rocks we met with were 

 granite and porphyry. These were 

 succeeded by alternations of granite 

 and niica-slate, which, in their turn, 

 were replaced by granite. Granite, 

 sienile, porphyry, mica-slate, clay-slate, 

 and quartz-rock, occur in (he district 

 occupied by Melville Lake. In the 

 same district there are several kinds of 

 secondary sandstone, belonging, proba- 

 bly, to the coal and red sandstone for- 

 mations. The primitive rocks extend 

 onwards to Gower's Lake. The shores 

 of this lake bear a strong resemblance 

 to the shores of Fresh-water Bay near 

 St. John's. This lake has also a dry 

 stony bar, or bank, about its middle, 

 running nearly across from its north- 

 west side; the other has a bar extending 

 across, and separating the fresh water 

 from the salt. 



From Gower's Lake, by Jenette's 

 Lake, Emma's Luke, Christian's Lake, 

 Stewart's Lake, Richardson's Lake, the 

 country is almost entirely of old rocks, 

 apparently of the primitive class; the 

 only indications of secondary rocks 

 being the agates near Gower's Lake, 

 the basalt at Emma's Lake and Jenette's 

 Lake, and the indication of coal and 

 iron near Stewart's Lake. The serpen- 

 tine deposite is succeeded by a great 

 tract of granite, gneiss, and quartz, 

 which extends from Jameson's Lake, by 

 Eathurst's Lake, Wallace's Lake, 

 Wilson's Lake, King George the 

 Fourth's Lake, to St. George's Har- 

 bour, in the liay of St. George, on the 

 west coast of the island. 



iVbout the centre of the island arc 

 several ridges of serpentine. Here this 

 rock is seen in all its beautiful and nu- 

 merous varieties; and this occurs parti- 

 cularly on the shores of Serpentine 

 Lake. The Serpentine Mountain and 

 Jameson's Mountain also abound in 

 this interesting mineral. 



The west coast is by far the richest in 

 minerals. There is coal of a good qua- 

 lity in St. George's Bay, about ejglit 



miles 



