1822.] 
quitting his seat, to stop the coach by 
the application of the handle or winch ; 
and can thereby so regulate the speed of 
the vehicle as to impose a weight of 
more than fifty times that of the car- 
riage on the horses by applying the 
drag ; and thus can the horses be stop- 
ped from advancing, and the passengers 
rescued from danger instantaneously. 
Secondly. If the reins break while 
descending a hill, or the harness he- 
comes entangled or fractured, the dri- 
ver can stop the coach and descend 
in perfect safety. 
Thirdly. Should the horses take 
fright, on the most dangerous part of 
the road, the coachman can impede 
their advance by means of this drag, 
and thus the consequences attendant on 
such perilous situations are promptly 
obviated. 
Fourthly. Should the wheel of a 
carriage break or come off whilst in 
motion, this drag will retain the vehi- 
cle upright till means are resorted to 
for repairing the wheel; and if the 
horses should fall, it will be found to 
afford complete safety to the coach and 
passengers.—Inrolled Feb. 10, 1820. 
To WiLLtAM ERSKINE COCHRANE, 
Esq. of Somerset-street, Portman- 
square, for an Improvement in the 
construction of Lamps.—June, 1820. 
This patentee declares that his im- ° 
provement consists in a certain disposi- 
tion of the parts of lamps used for illu- 
mination, whereby the flame is made 
to riseor ascend from the wick in an 
inclined or oblique direction, instead 
of rising perpendicularly from the 
Literary an Philosophical Intelligence. 
55 
wick, which is the natural direction of 
flame. By my improvement a current 
of air is directed in an horizontal, ob- 
lique, or inclined direction upon the 
flame, so as to carry the flame out 
of its natural perpendicular, and cause 
it to project over the edge of the wick 
and burner, and therefore the light 
will shine upon the ground or place, 
immediately beneath the lamp, with- 
out throwing a shadow beneath, as 
must be the case in other lamps where 
the flame rises perpendicularly from 
the wick. 
LIST OF PATENTS FOR NEW INVENTIONS. 
To Thomas Martin and Charles Grafton, 
of Birmingham, printing ink manufacturers, 
for making fine light black of very superior 
colour, called spirit black. 
To Benjamin Thompson, of Ayton Cottage, 
Durham, for facilitating the conveyance of 
carriages along iron and wood railways, 
trainways, and other roads. 
To Charles Tuely, of Kenton-street, Bruns- 
wick-square, cabinet-maker, for improve- 
ments applicable to window sashes. 
To Samuel Hobday of Birmingham, patent 
snuffer maker, for his new and improved me- 
thod or principle of manufactwing the furni- 
ture for umbrellas and parasols. 
To John Frederic Archbold, of Sergeant’s 
Inn, Fleet-street, esq. for his mode of venti- 
lating close carriages. 
To Richard Wright, of Mount-row, Kent- 
road, engineer, for improvements in the pro- 
cess of distillation. 
To David Redmund, of Agnes Circus, 
Old-street-road, engineer, for improvements 
in the construction of hinges for doors. 
To Franz Anion Egells, of Britannia 
Terrace, City-road, engineer, for improve- 
ments on steam engines. 
VARIETIES, LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL, 
Including Notices of Works in Hand, Domestic and Foreign. 
————» 
tee state of the periodical press in 
France has determined several 
French literati of the first eminence to 
commence a Literary Magazine in the 
French language in London. It will 
not be of a political character, but it 
will not oppose itself to that spirit of 
free enquiry which is essential to the 
prosperity of the human race, and will 
therefore be acceptable to liberal and 
enlightened readers of the French lan- 
guage in all countries where men think 
for themselves, and do not wish to see 
truth on any subject perverted and 
hood-winked. Literature, Science, the 
useful and elegant Arts, Poetry, and 
Criticism, will constitute its prominent 
features, and its political details will 
be strictly limited to facts. It will in 
truth be a mirror-of current French 
literature. From its being printed out 
of France, the whole range of the lite- 
rature of the day will be open to the 
conductors, and al] that is super-excel- 
lent will be transferred to its pages. 
The first number is expected to appear 
on the Ist of March, and may be had 
of the booksellers and post masters in 
Europe and America. 
On account of its great importance, 
we anticipate the specification of a pa- 
tent recently secured by Mr. Griffith, 
of Brompton, a gentleman not un- 
known in the literary world by his 
travels 
