Add 
Mr. Spay doce 
exhibition of an mvexition! of his, the 
Hydraulic Orrery, which has excited 
considerable attentiom among the lovers 
of astronomy ‘and of general science: 
The object of Mr. Busby’s invention is 
not only’ to shéw the various positions 
of the heavenly bodies, at the different 
periods of their revolutions, but to pro- 
duce aself-acting machine, that should 
imitate those silently gliding and har- 
monious movements whichcharacterize 
the planetary evolutions. 
‘To effect these points Mr. B. has 
provided a circular reservoir, five feet 
diameter, in the centre of which a 
floating vessel bears the sun, elevated 
considerably from the surface of the 
fluid : this vessel is made to revolve by 
the re-active impulse of water dis- 
charged in a minute lateral stream from 
a siphon, The earth and moon are 
also borne at equal elevations by float- 
ing vessels, and are. similarly moved, 
excepting only the introductionof such 
mechanical modifications as were ne- 
cessary to produce the parallelism of 
the - earth’s axis, and the changing 
nodes of the moon’s orbit. The whole 
apparatus ultimately performs the an- 
nual orbit by means of a larger re-act- 
ing siphon, which carries off the water 
previously used to effect the other 
movements. 
This apparatus, which is situated in 
the .centre of the room, is purposely 
confined, to the elucidation of the mo- 
tions,of the three bodies most interest- 
ing \to us; viz. the sun, the earth, and 
the moon; but another machine, which 
equally deserves our notice, imitates, in 
silent but perpetual harmony, the mo- 
tions of Jupiter and his satellites. ‘This 
is also a floating apparatus; but the 
_ most curious circumstances attending 
it are, that the whole is moved by a 
stream of rarefied air, produced by one 
small lamp, and that this lamp is so 
contrived, as to: impart,a, rotatory mo- 
tion.over a surface of ,water three feet 
in diameter; ;which being communi- 
cated to four floating rings, , bearing the 
‘satellites, they/are made ‘to revolve at 
their ‘proper: distances about) the 'pri- 
mary,’ and!’ with’ velocities ‘regularly 
diminishing, as innature, and doubtless 
from similar mechanism. Mr, Busby 
givés evening lectures; twice a-week, 
for the conyeltience of those who may 
ERY~«~ 
New Patents and Mechanical Inventions. 
nily ‘dpened an ‘d 
[June f, 
be unable to, attend the exhibition by: 
ay. ° 
This invention: has been honoured 
with a gold medal from the Society of 
Arts, and with a testimonial from some 
leading’ scientific characters, among 
whom are Drs, Hutton, Gregory, and 
Kelly, and Messrs. Troughton and %. 
and I’. Bramah. 
In the machine in which’ Mr.’ B. 
has represented the action of a cen- 
tral force through a, fluid, on, a sys-- 
tem like that, of Jupiter’s,,moons, ,he 
seems to. have, succeeded, perhaps 
without intending it, in illustrating, the 
great principle of the new philosophy, 
which teaches, that all the planetary 
motions are produced by the action of a 
central body on the medium of space; 
which medium, as well as all ‘fluids, 
propagates forces with an imtensity 
which is inversely as the squares of the 
distance, and hence the law which has 
been mistakenly ascribed to a, prin- 
ciple of gravitation. 
LIST OF PATENTS FOR NEW INVENTIONS, 
George Stratton, of Hampstead-road, 
Middlesex, engineer; for, an, improyed 
process of consuming smoke.—-March.2., 
James Gladstone, of Liverpool, ,iron- 
monger; for a chain of a new and, im- 
proved constrnction.—March 12. 
Robert Bartlett Bate, of the Pouliry, 
London, optician; for certain ,improye- 
ments upon bydrometers and) saccharo- 
meters,—March 21. 
W. E. E. Conwell, of Ratelifie Highway, 
surgeon ; for animprovement in the prepa- 
ration and application of a. certain purga- 
tive vegetable oil.—March 21, | ,,;; 
Samuel Robinson, of Leeds, cloth-dres- 
ser; for certain, improvements. on, a ma- 
chine for shearing aud cropping woollen 
cloth,—March 21. 
George Stephenson, of Long Benton, 
Northumberland ; for, certain, improye- 
ments in steam.engines.—~ March 21. 
Richard. Summers, Harford, of Ebbw 
Vale iron works, .Monmouthshire, iron- 
master; for; an improvement in the heat- 
ing. processes in the manufacture of bar, 
rod, sheet, and other description, of) mal- 
leable iron, whether the:same may, have 
_been previously. prepared by. the pudling 
or other modes of refining, March 21... 
William Chareh, of Nelson square, Sur- 
rey, for,an improved apparatus for print- 
ing. March 21. 
Alexander Clark, of Dron, ‘Leuchars, 
Fifeshire, es ; fonan improvement the 
boilers and condensers of steam, engines. 
March aA. 
NEW 
