44 
the head of 4000 selected men, drove 
the enemy out of the provinces of 
Arequipa and Upper Peru; while Ge- 
neral Arenales, with another corps of 
6,500 men, dislodged them from the 
Sierra. The first Peruvian Congress 
was then assembled, and the Proteetor 
resigned into their hands all the 
powers which he bad assumed, and 
exercised, only for the public benefit. 
He refused the command of the army, 
which ke was solicited to accept by 
the Congress; and he now lives in the 
bosom of his family, at Valparaiso, 
hestowing his best attentions on the 
education of his daughter,—the only 
fruit of his connubial union. 
During the interval of thirteen 
months, wherein San Martin presided 
solus, he encouraged the culture of 
letters, promoted general and mutual 
instruction, and. took measures for 
their rapid dissemination. He made 
a present of his library to the city of 
Lima, which was not provided with 
one. He contented himself, while 
Protector, with one-third of the ap- 
pointment usually assigned to the 
viceroy. 
lt is honourable to. America to have 
produced, in half a century, three 
such men as Washington, San Mar- 
tin, and Bolivar, even if she had not 
to boast of a number of others, whose 
seryices have been of utility io their 
countries, in a civil or military capa- 
city. The supremacy of talent is sure 
to shine conspicuous, that of the vir- 
tues often passes unobserved: it is the 
chief praise of the three, to have united 
Stephensiana, No. XX. 
fAug. 3s 
the fame of the one, and purity-of the 
other; which gives a superior merit, 
imparts a grace that raises them to 
the rank, not of imitators, but ori- 
ginals. 
According ‘to the last news from 
Lima, the Congress of Peru have de- 
puted a commission ‘to present the 
project of a Constitution, grounded on 
the representative system. The bases 
are the unity of the nation, under the 
title of. the Free State of Peru. The 
sovereignty is declared independent 
of Spain, and of any other foreign 
power ; the Catholic religion is that of 
the state; the right of election is inhe- 
rent in the people, and that of making 
laws in its representatives. The li- 
berty of the press, the security of per- 
sons and property, the abolition of 
confiscation, of defamatory penalties, 
of hereditary dignities, of monopo- 
lising privilezes, and trading in slaves, 
are proclaimed and guaranteed. The 
executive power not to be hereditary, 
nor vested in any individuals for life. 
In criminal causes, recourse to be had 
toa jury. A senate to be constituted, 
to watch over the Constitution, with 
powers to prepose to the executive, 
functionaries, eivil and ecclesiastical, 
and to convoke the Congress, in ex- 
traordinary cases. The ministers to 
be responsible, collectively and indi- 
vidually. A treaty of reciprocal assis- 
tance in peace and war, and acom- 
munication of the privileges of citizen- 
ship, has also been recently established 
between the Free State of Pern and 
the Republic of Columbia. 
STEPHENSIANA. 
NO. XX. 
The late ALEXANDER STEPHENS, Esq. of Park House, Chelsea, devoted an active and 
well-spent life in the collection of Anecdotes of his contemporaries, and generally entered in a 
book the collections of the passing day ;—these collections we have purchkused, and propose to 
present a selection from them to our readers. As Editor of the Annual Obituary, and many 
other biographical works, the Author may probubly have incorporaied some of these scraps ; 
but the greater part are unpublished, and all stand alone as cabinet-piclurcs of men and 
manners, worthy of a place tn a literary misccllany, 
—_— 
and there is an air that accompanies 
it, composed by David Rizzio, musi- 
cian and secretary to the queen. 
Adieu, charmant pays de France, 
Douce patrie, 
Terre cherie, 
Heureux sejour de mon enfance; 
Adieu France ; adieu, mes beaux jours, | 
La nef qui dejoint nos amours, 
Douce patrie, 
Terre cherie, 
MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. 
HE following morceau, if we may 
- eredit common fame, was from the 
pen of Mary Stuart, queen of Scots. 
It will, undoubtedly, be thought cu- 
rious, as tracing one of the human 
passions (regret,) in a new manner, 
and as containing, in a plaintive mes- 
tozo, some natural, pathetic, and beau- 
tiful, touches. It has borne the name, 
as T have been informed, of a Romance, 
N’avoit 
