196 
The detached mansion which I first 
mentioned is that wherein Mr. Owen re- 
sides. The houses of the colony are of a 
simple bunt elegant architectnre, adjusted 
with regularity, as to their exterior fronts ; 
and their interior distributions are correct- 
ly adapted to their destination. On our 
left we see several considerable buiidings, 
that abut against the hill; some contain a 
number of chambers, or small s-parate 
apartments, for one or two workmen, or 
for a family, of a husband, wife, and one or 
two children, or families yet more nume- 
rous. Others, in their upper stories have 
magazines of provisions of every descrip- 
tion, and in their lower parts are shops, 
—where, at certain hours of the day, the 
workmen and their wives make purchase 
of such articles as they are in want of. 
Each separate workman, or each family, 
has full credit for goods till they reach the 
amount of the sum due for the month's la- 
bour. Occasionally advances are made, 
from some extraordinary circumstances,— 
an unforeseen accident, a fit of illness, the 
birth of a child, or a journey on family ba- 
siness: these are always proportioned to 
the wants of the inhabitant, and to the 
good opinion which the experience of his 
conduct may have given rise to. The 
provisions of every kind have beep select- 
ed with cave, are excellent in quality, and 
moderate in price: in these respects there 
is no distinction, for all the colonists fare 
alike. 
Besides two vast buildings for the work- 
men and their families, and the large sepa- 
rate house. that serves for a magazine, 
there are three others, no less remark- 
able for neatness, and regularity, that 
appear on the right side of the avenue. 
We first come to a large manufactory, six 
stories high, for spinning, and different 
trades ; then proceed to a beautiful house, 
with a spacious court before it, for chil- 
dren of both sexes, with halls for instruc- 
tion, exercises, prayers ; a little further on, 
close to a canal that communicates with 
the Clyde, there is a house now building, 
intended to form a common kitchen, aud 
a common refectory for the unmarried 
workmen, for such as have no relations 
with them, and for others, indiscrimi- 
nately. 
|. The Infirmary, with a physician and sur- 
geon attached, has at. present thirty-eight 
patients, out of about 2300 individuals, in- 
cluding 350 children, of whom the colony 
consists. Here the vaccination of young 
persons is attended to. In the looms, 
warehouses, &c. nearly 1800 workmen are 
employed; others are at work in the 
kitchen-gardens, or in household concerns. 
The number af women exceeds that of the 
men by one third. All the inhabitants, 
though at liberty to quit the establichment 
M, Jullien’s Visit to Lanark. 
[Oct. 15 
when they choose, adhere to it, as to their 
family, the situation and settlement being 
every way desirable: 250 werkmen come 
daily from Old Lanark togtake a share in 
the labours. 
The ringing of a bell called the workmen 
of both sexes to their work, and he chil- 
dren to school. Here every step and pro- 
ceedure was significantly expressive of 
health, contentment, and activity. The 
clothing was simple, but neat, excepting 
that, according to the Scotch custom, 
most of the children, and some of the 
young workmen, were naked about the 
legs and feet. ‘Ihe children were eager to 
salute Mr. Owen, and failed not to receive 
his caresses. A sentiment of affection, of 
liberty, of happiness, entered into the 
spirit of this kind of homage paid to the 
common father of the family, and chief of 
the colony. 
We then proceeded to visit the House of 
Instruction ; it might, with propriety, be 
termed ¢ La Maison Joyeuse,* the House 
of Joy, from the pleasure that sparkled in 
the looks of each countenance. In the 
first class, the smallest children are tanght 
to pronounce, distinctly, the letters of the 
Alphabet. Mr. Owen, however, is averse 
to the usual method of teaching letters and 
words before things; he prefers the form- 
ing and exercising of the understanding, 
in the first place. The children of the 
second class are beginning to read in 
* By this name was known an establishi- 
ment tor education at Mantua, in the 15th 
century, erected under the auspices and 
by the care of Francis Gonzague, Duke of 
Mantua, who had placed his own children 
there. The director of it was Victorin de 
Faltre, professor of the Belles Lettres; 
his tender paternal care was evinced not 
anly towards the young princes, but, a mul- 
titude of other pupils that he was antho- 
rized to admit. They came from all parts 
ot Italy, France, Germany, and even 
Greece. In the house were galleries, con- 
sidered as affording the best models for 
painting ; and about it all nature appeared 
rich and charming, in a number of delight- 
ful promenades. In a dark age, he was 
capable of being the guardian of literature 
and the arts; but, like a patriot and a 
man, his Course of General Tuition was cal- 
culated to enlarge the mind by benevolent 
ideas, to train his pupils, during the pre- 
cious hours of youth, that short period of 
which the most should be made, to early 
habits of virtue, morality, and philan- 
thropy. His end was answered, and he 
was happy, as were all the individuals of 
the establishment which he conducted, in 
the result of his labours. The reputation 
of his school was equal to that of the most 
celebrated universities of his time. 
books, 
