534 
in as much as its absence has-not been 
proved, as ‘it may ‘be with chlorine, sul- 
pburous acid, cyanogen, and ammonia: 
But,: besides’ thecanalogy which exists. 
between the ‘latter and ‘the former; >it 
may also be'observed in favour of their 
dryness, that any diminution of tem- 
peratore causes the deposition of a fluid 
fromthe ‘atmosphere, precisely like that 
previously: obtained; and there is no 
reason for'supposing that these various 
atmospheres, remaining as they do in - 
contact.::with» concentrated sulphuric 
acid, ‘are not as dry as atmospheres of 
the same kind would be over sulphuric 
acid at common pressure. 
Ewehlorine.— Fluid. euchlorine owas 
obtained by inclosing chlorate of potash 
and sulphuric acid ina tube, ‘and leaving 
them toact on each other for twenty- 
four ‘hours. In that time ‘there had 
been much action, the mixture was ofa 
dark reddish brown, and the atmosphere 
of abright yeHow colour, ‘The mixture 
was’ then heated up’ to 100°, and the 
unoccupied \end. of ‘the tube ‘cooled 
to 0°; by degrees the mixture lost its 
dark colour, and a very fluid cihereal- 
Jooking substance condensed. ‘It was 
not miscible with a small portion of the 
sulphanic acid which lay beneath it; but, 
when returned on to the mass of salt 
and acid, it) was gradually absorbed, 
rendering the mixture of a much deeper- 
colour even than itself. « 
Eachlorine: thus obtained}\is a very 
fluid» transparent ‘substance, ‘of a deep 
yellow colour. A’ tube containing a 
portiom of it in ithe clean end, was 
opened at the opposite extremity ; there 
was a-rush’ of euchlorine vapour, but 
the saltiplugged up the aperture: whilst 
ctearme this, away, the whole tube 
burst: with/a» violent explosion, except 
the’ small end in a cloth in. ‘my ‘hand, 
Where!the cuchlorine previously lay, but 
the fluid had all disappeared. 
Nitrous Oxide: -~Some nitrate of am- 
monia; previously: made as dry as could 
be:by partial decompositidn, hy heat in 
theiair; was-sealed up iin, a bent tube, 
and:ithen:heated’ in one‘ end, ;the» other 
being preserved'cool. \ By repeating the 
distillation once or twice im «this way, 
it was found, on after-examination, that 
very jittle of the salt remained unde- 
composed.) The process: requires care. 
Ehave had many explosions occar with 
very strong tubes, and at considerable 
risky» 
When the tube is cooled, it is found 
to contain two fluids, and avery com- 
pressed atmospliere. ‘The heavier fluid, 
Proceedings of Public Societies. 
[Jan, 1, 
on. examination, proved to be ‘water, 
witli a little acid and’ nitrous oxide in 
solution; ‘the ‘other was nitrous ‘oxide. 
Tt appears in a very liquid; Timpid,! €o- 
lourless ‘staté ; and ‘so volatile: that ‘the 
warmth of the band generally makes it 
disappear’ in ‘Vapour, \/Phe “application 
of ice and salt Condenscs absidanee of 
it into the liquid state again, «It 'boils 
readily by the difference of temperature 
between 50° and0°2°! It'\does not! ap- 
pear to have any tendency to solidify’ at 
—10°. Tts refractive “power''‘is “very 
much less’ than that. of water; and’ less 
than any fluid that-has yet ‘been’ ob- 
tained in these experiments, or flian any 
other known fluid. A tube being opened 
in the air, the nitrous oxide iminedi- 
ately burst into vapour. “Another tbe 
opened. under ‘water, ‘and! ‘thé (vapour 
collected and examined, it'provel to be 
nitrous oxide gas. A gage being in- 
troduced into a’ tube, in whieh Jiquid 
nitrous oxide was afterwards produced; 
gave the pressure of its vapour as équal 
to above ’50 atmospheres at 459.910" | 
Cyanogen.—Some ‘pure *eyanaret “of 
mercury was heated until perfectly "dr fs 
A portion was them inclosed: iy a greciv 
glass tube, in’ the same manner ‘as in 
former instances, ‘and béing selected» 
to one end, was decomposed by “heat, 
whilst tle other end was"cooledy'*"Phe: 
cyanogen suon appeared ‘as a liquids it 
was limpid, colourless, and very fluid’; 
not altering its state at the temperature 
of 0°. Its refractive ‘power? is rather’ 
less, perhaps, than that’ ofowatery) A’ 
tube containing it being opened in! ‘the’ 
air, the expausion within did not appear 
to be very yreat; and the liquid passed 
with comparative ‘slownéss into?! the 
state of vapour, producing great edld, 
The vapour, being collected over mer- 
cury, proved to be pure cyanogens °° 
A ‘tube was sealed up With eyanuret 
of mercury at one end, and °a’ drop ‘of 
water ‘at the other ; ‘the fluid cyanogen 
was then produced in contact with the 
water. It did not mix, at least‘i@ any 
considerable quantity, with that’ flaid, 
but floated on it, being lighter; though 
apparently not’ ‘so much so’ as ether 
would be. In the course of ‘sonic days, 
action had taken place, the water had 
become black, and changes, probably 
such°as are known to take place in-an 
aqueous solution of cyanogen, occurred. 
The pressure of the vapour of cyanogen 
appeared by the gage to be 3.6° or 3.7 
atmospheres at. 45° F. . Its specific 
gravity was nearly 0.9. tats 
Ammonia.—In scarching after liquid 
ammonia, 
