ov during his own Reigns ~ 
head: quarters before Saint-Fcan d’ Acre 
to, Desaix's head-quarters: in. Upper 
Egypt 0% 
‘Fhe campaign of 1800 was conducted 
on theisame principles.:’- When the army 
off Gerntany reached the Inn, it) pos- 
sessed!ithe fortresses of Ulm ‘and In- 
golstadt, whieh afforded two grarid de- 
potsi!'In the armistice of Pfullendorf, 
tliecsarrender of these places had been 
“omitted tobe required; Napoleon con- 
sidered them of such importance for se- 
curing the success of his operation in 
@érmany; that: this surrender was made 
the condition, ‘sine’ qué-non; of the fresh 
prolongation of the armistice. 
“The Gallo: Batavian army at Nurem- 
Berg secured the left wing on the Da- 
nube ; and the army of the Grisons the 
right wing, in the valley: of the Ln. 
When! the army of reserve descended 
fron the Saint-Bernard, its first) place 
of depot was established at Ivrea; and, 
fevenciafter the ‘battle of (Marengo, 
Wapioléon did not consider the whole of 
Ttaly reconquered, until all the fortified 
(places! between ‘him and. the Mincio 
should ‘be occupied by his troops. He 
gave Melas permission to return: otr 
Mantra, om condition of surrendering all 
those fortresses. 
In 1805, ‘having carried Ulm against 
the: Austrian” army, 80,000 strong, he 
advanced) on the Lech, had-the ancient 
rainparts of Angsburg repaired; lined 
them, and made'this town, which offered 
himiso’ many resources, his place of 
depOt-' He would have restored Ulm, 
but the fortifications had been razed, 
andthe local circumstances were too 
nnfavourable. ) From Augsburg he 
marched on Braunau, and secured him- 
selfa bridge on ihe Inn by the posses~ 
sion of this important point: this. was a 
second» place of depot, which enabled 
him to proceed as far as Vienna, whiclr 
capital was fortified ‘against jany sud- 
den assault. . He afterwards passed 
into Moravia, took possession of. the 
citadel of Brann, situate forty leagues 
from Vienna, which was immediately 
armed and provisioned, and became his 
point of apput for nranceuvring in Mo- 
yavia. At aday’s'march from this place 
he fonglit the battle of Austerlitz. From 
that ficld of battle he could retreat on 
Vienna, repass the Danube there, or 
direet bisomarch by the left. bank on’ 
Liutz, and: pass: that river by the bridge 
of that town, which was covered by, 
strong works on the hills. 
In 1806 he fixed his head-quarters at 
Bamberg, and effected the junction of 
627 
thé different. corpsof his army en the 
Rédnitz.) The King’ of Prussia thouglit; 
by advancing: to the Maine, to cut'6ff 
his: line: 6f operations on Meniz, and 
stop his movement. For this: purpese 
he directed Blucher’s ‘corps, and that-of 
the Duke of Weimar, thither ; but the 
French army’s line of communication 
Was no longer on Mentz, but tan from 
the fort of \Cronach, situate at»the' de- 
bouché of the mountains of Saxony, to 
Forsheim, a fortified place/on the Reds 
nitz, and thence to Strasbarg!: Having 
now nothing to apprehend frond the 
offensive » march «of » the’ » Prussians 
Napoleon debouched iu three columns ; 
his left by Coburg, under the command 
of the Dukes of «Montebello and 
Castiglione, and composed: of the» fifth 
and seventh corps of the army ; dis weh- 
tre, with which he: marched in’ person, 
by Gronach and Schejlitz, was forined 
of the first and third corps; commandéd 
by. Marsbal Bernadotie: and the Prince 
of Eekmuhl, of the guardandoreserves 
of cavalry. The right marched ‘by cthe 
country of Bayreuth: it d@debouched ion 
Hoff, and was. composed of the fourth and 
sixth corps, commanded by the Duke of 
Dalmatia and the Prince of Moskowa. 
The Prussian army, between Weimar 
and Neudstadt, which was already! in 
motion to supportits van-guard, halted. 
Finding itself cut off from the Elbe and 
Berlin, and all its mayzazities daken, it 
comprchended its danger, but not before 
its position was qnite desperate ; and 
although so near Magdcburg,'-ine the 
heart of its country, two! marehes only 
from the Elbe, it was beaten, cut off, 
and could effect no retreat... Notatian 
of this old army of | Frederic: escaped, 
except the King and a ‘few sqtadrons, 
who with difficulty'gained the right bank 
of the Oder. Above’ 100,000 men, :atrd 
hundreds of cannon and colours; were the 
trophies of this day. bits fas." 
In 1807, being master of Custrin, 
Glogaw, and ‘Stettin, Napoleon passed 
the Vistula at Warsaw, and had Praca 
fortified, which served hint at onee for a 
téte-de-pont anda place of depidt; he 
constracted Modlin, and put Thorm in a 
defensive state. The army took ap # 
position on the Passarge, to cover the 
siege of Danzic, which became its place 
of depot, and its point of appui for the 
operations that preceded the: hatile. of 
Friedland, which decided the wir. If 
hostilities bad continued, this line would 
have been shortened by the’ fortress: of 
Pilaw, which would have been taker 
before the army passed the Nicmen. 
fo 
