632 
senseless conduct which was adopted at 
Wilna. 
The disasters of the Russian campaign 
arose from the premature change of the 
season. Those of the! campaign of 
Saxony were the result of political 
events: perhaps it will be'said that these 
political events ought to haye been fore- 
seen: be it so, but, afterall, the result 
of this campaign would have been to- 
tally different, had it not been for the 
defection of the Saxon and Bavarian 
troops, and the alterations which ‘took 
place in the policy of several cabinets. 
‘SAXON CAMPAIGN. 
Of the 250,000 men composing the 
army of the Emperor Napoleon, in this 
campaign, 50,000 were Saxons, West- 
plialians, Bavarians, Wirtemburghers, 
natives of Baden, Hessians, or troops of 
the Grand’ Duchy of Berg, who were 
very ill disposed, and proved rather in- 
jurions than serviceable. The remain- 
ing 200,000 were young troops, parti- 
cwarly the horse, except the guard, the 
Poles, two or three regiments of light, 
and four or five of heavy cavalry. The 
want of light cavalry prevented our 
gaining intelligence of the enemy’s 
movements. — ; 
The victories of Lutzen and Wurtzen, 
on the 2d and 21st of May, had re-es- 
tablished the reputation of the French 
arms: the King of Saxony- had been 
brought back in triumph to his capital ; 
the enemy had been driven from Ham- 
burg; one of the corps of the grand 
army was atthe gates of Berlin, and the 
Imperial quarters were at Breslaw ; the 
Russian and Prussian armics, greatly 
discouraged, had no choice but to repass 
the Vistula, when Austria, interfering, 
advised France to sign an armistice. 
Napoleon returned to Dresden; the Em-, 
peror of Austria left Vienna, and pro+ 
ceeded into Bohemia; the Emperor of 
Rassia and the king of Prussia stationed 
themselves at Schweidnitz. The con- 
ferences began; Prince Metternich pro- 
posed the Congress of Prague; it was 
accepted, but was only a pretext. The 
Duke of Vicenza, however, procecded 
to the Congress of Prague, and the ne- 
gociations begaig all the means employed 
to induce the powers to desist from 
some part of their pretensions, had only 
obtained) some insignifieant modifica- 
tions; the Emperor resolved to make 
important concessions, and to send them 
1o the Hmperor of Austria by Count 
subua, who resided at Dresden. The 
relinqnishment of the Hlyrian Provinces, 
divided from the kingdom of Ltaly by 
Napoleon’s History of France, 
the Isonzo; of the Grand Duchy - of 
Warsaw, and of the titles of Protector of 
the Confederation of the Rhine, ‘and 
Mediator of the Swiss Confederacy, 
were consented to. As to Holland:and 
the Hanseatic towns, Napoleon engaged 
only to retain these’ possessions’ until 
peace, and as means of compensation to 
obtain from England’ the restoration of 
the French colonies. 
Bubna arrived at Prague, the term li- 
mited for the duration of the armistice 
had expired several hours before; on 
this ground Austria declared her adhe- 
sion to the coalition, and the war re- 
commenced, 
In October Napolcon left Dresden, 
and proceeded ‘towards Magdeburg by 
the left bank of the Elbe, in order to 
deceive the cnemy. His’ plan was to 
repass the Elbe at Wittemberg, and’ to 
march on Berlin. Several corps were 
already arrived at Wittemberg, ‘and the 
bridges of the encmy at Dessau had been 
destroyed, when a letter from the King 
of Wurtemberg justified the suspicions 
already conceived with respect to the 
fidelity of the Court of Munich, signi- 
fying that the King of Bavaria liad sud- 
denl¥ changed sides, and that without 
any declaration of war, or any previous 
notice, and in eonsequence of the treaty 
of Reid, the two armies, Austrian and 
Bavarian, cantoned on the banks ‘of the 
Inn, had joined into a single camp; that 
these 80,000 men, under the command 
of General Wrede, were marching ‘on 
the Rhine ; that Wurtemberg, compelled 
by the force of this army, was obliged 
to add its contingent; and that it must 
be expeeted that 100,000 men would 
shortly surronnd Metitz. ish 
_ Thearmies met on the field of Leipsie 
on the 16th of October. ‘The French 
army was victorious, and would. stilt 
have been so on the 18th, notwithstand- 
ing the check sustained on the 16th by 
the Duke of Ragusa, had it not been for 
the defection of the Saxon army, which, 
occupying one of the most important 
positions of the linc, passed over to’ the 
cnemy with a battery” of sixty guns, 
which it turned against the Freneh army. | 
Such an unheard-of picce of treachery 
might have been expected to produce 
the destruction of the army, and secure 
the Allies all the honours of the day. 
The emperor hastened up with half his 
guard, repulsed the Saxons and Swedes, 
and drove ‘them from their positions. 
The battle of the 18th terminated ;' the 
enemy made a retrograde ‘movement 
throughout his line, and” fixed” his 
biyouacs 
When Count, 
